lecture 5 Flashcards
beta adrenergic blockers
decrease heart rate but also cause bronchoconstriction
The highly branched projections of the neuron are called axons.
false
Which of the following statements is not true of the spinal cord?
It extends form the occipital bone to the third sacral vertebra
An anticholinergic or antimuscarinic effect
is characterised by an increased heart rate and urinary retention.
a patient has suffered an injury to the right cerebral hemisphere and has left-sided paralysis. which word best explains this
decussation
Sympathetic nerve stimulation causes relaxation of the breathing passages (bronchodilation). Which of the following drug classifications achieves this effect?
Beta2-adrenergic agonist
vasomotor tone is
a vasoconstrictor effect caused by background firing of the sympathetic nerves
parkinson disease can be considered a neurotransmitter deficiency disease
true
The knee-jerk reflex goes from receptor neuron to interneuron to effector neuron.
false
This structure is not part of a synapse.
Neurotransmitter
which of the following is most related to the feed-and-breed system
craniosacral outflow
The dendrite of a motor neuron receives impulses from an interneuron.
true
The autonomic nervous system consists of two branches: the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system.
true
A beta1-adrenergic agonist
increases heart rate
Ridges on the surface of the cerebrum are called sulci.
false
which of the following is not an effector organ for the autonomic nerves
Skeletal muscle
The vital centers are located in the
Medulla oblongata
Axons
Carry nerve impulses away from the cell body
the axon of a sensory neuron usually transmits an impulse to an interneuron
true
alpha and beta receptors are
activated by nore
least related to sympathetic nervous system
vagomimetic effect
atropine is classified as a muscarinic antagonist & blocker, therefore
vagolytic
Another name for connecting neurons is
interneurons
Parkinson disease is a nervous disorder resulting from a deficiency of which neurotransmitter?
dopamine
This neurotransmitter is not considered a catecholamine
Acetylcholine
A preoperative patient received an antimuscarinic drug (atropine). Which drug-related postoperative consequence is this patient likely to experience?
Difficult urination
Nerves are composed mostly of dendrites.
false
The outermost layer of the meninges is the
dura mater
An adrenergic fibre is one that
secretes norepinephrine as its transmitter
Motor neurons are also called
efferent neurons
Most descriptive of dual innervation of the autonomic nervous system
sympathetic and parasympathetic
a reflex arc may not have what
an interneuron
increased heart rate, increased blood pressure, bronchodilation, diaphoresis, and pupillary dialation (mydriasis) are consequences of
activation of the adrenergic receptors
a drug that causes the heart to beat stronger and faster is called
sympathomimetric
what is most characteristic of the parasympathetic nervous system
feef-and-breed-system
The somatic nervous system carries impulses from the brain and spinal cord to
skeletal muscles
sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves
innervate the viscera
what is not true of the cerebellum
it helps regulate water balance and sleep cycles
Sensory neurons are also called
afferent neurons
dendrites
are usually high branched
the autonomic nervous system is a subdivision of the ___ nervous system
peripheral
which neurotransmitter is secreted by a cholinergic fiber
acetylcholine
A patient has vagally induced bradycardia ( slow heart rate). How would this be relieved
muscarinic antagonist
the outer membrane of. Schwann cell is called the
neurolemma
Muscarinic receptors
activated by ACh
what is not a function of the hypothalamus
plays a part of in the so-called arousal or alerting mechanism
the effects of adrenal medullary secretion most resemble
sympathetic nerve discharge
saltatory conduction
occurs only in the axons
what type of glia cell produces myelin for cells in the brain
oligodendrocytes
a nerve is
a group of peripheral axons
the dura matter is deep to both the arachnoid mater and the pia mater
false
dopamine and levodopa are equally effective in treating parkinson disease because they are both able to enter the brain
false
