lecture 2 Flashcards
cytoplasm
fluid inside of the cell that contains all of the arganelles
what is the largest organelle
nucleus
what is the plasmatic membrane composed of
phospholipids and proteins
translation
RNA is used to produce proteins (happens outside the nucleus)
transcription
copies the RNA inside the. nucleus
mitochondria
powerhouse of the cell and produces majority of ATP’s
lysosome
kills bacteria with it’s enzymes
centriole
participates in cell division
where does meiosis occur
only in sex cells like the testies and ovaries
where does mitosis occur
in somatic cells (all over the body)
what is the role of RNA
it plays a role in protein synthesis through transcription and translation
what are the 2 types of RNA
mRNA (messenger) and tRNA (transfer) rRNA (ribosomal)
what are the stages of mitosis
prophase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase
what are the two types of membrane transportation
active and passive
what does passive transport include
simple diffusion
facilitate diffusion
osmosis
what is an example of simple diffusion
gas exchange, release of CO2 and the intakeof oxygen
what is an example of facilitated diffusion
the entry of nutrients
osmosis effect on cells
osmosis affects the fluid found in the cells
isotonic solution
same concentration
hypotonic solutions
cause cell swelling
hypertonic solution
cause cell shrinkage
2 types of active transportation
endocytosis
exocytosis
what is cancer
a mutation of cells
what are the cancer risk factors that increase the chances of cancer
-radiation
-chemical
-hereditary
-diet
-viruses
-physical irritation
tissue classification
-epithelial
-connective
-muscle
-nervous tissue
membrane
-pericardium
-pleura
-peritoneum
connective tissue
- liquid - blood
- soft - fat
- fibrous - ligaments & tendons
- hard - cartilage, bones
voluntary muscle
skeletal and striated
involuntary muscle
smooth
classification of epithelial tissue based on shape
pseudostratified epithelium
simple epithelium
stratified epithelium
serus
fluid on between the double layer of membrane to decrease friction from movement of other organs
schwan cells
fat that wraps around the axon to speed up electrical impulse
what is an axon
a thin fiber that transmits electrical impulses from muscle and and gland cells to the brain
