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Anatomy and Physiology > lecture 7 > Flashcards

lecture 7 Flashcards

1
Q

in which structure is the oxygen saturation highest neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils are all

A

granulocytes

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2
Q

What type of blood can a person with type O blood receive ?

A

O type

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3
Q

At the end of 120 days, the red blood cell

A

is removed from the circulation and broken down

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4
Q

prothrombin, thrombin, and fibrinogen

A

are involved in coagulation

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5
Q

what is the most common cause of myelosuppression

A

drugs, especially the anticancer drugs

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6
Q

what is vitamin k dependent

A

prothrombin

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7
Q

the epicardium is a layer of the

A

pericardium

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8
Q

what is descriptive of a neutrophil

A

phagocyte

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9
Q

blood flows from the pulmonary capillaries to the pulmonary veins to the left atrium to the left ventricle to the

A

aorta

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10
Q

rapid breakdown of which blood cell causes jaundice

A

red blood cell

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11
Q

which anticoagulant is secreted by mast cells (basophils)

A

heparin

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12
Q

blood flows from the right atrium through which atrioventricular valve to the right ventricle ?

A

tricuspid

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13
Q

what is an oxygen-carrying blood cell

A

erythrocytes

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14
Q

erythropoietin

A

stimulates the bone marrow to make RBC

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15
Q

this blood cell secretes both histamine and heparin

A

basophil

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16
Q

what is the breakdown product of heme

A

bilirubin

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17
Q

the purpose of this structure is to delay the spread of the. signal from the atrium to the ventricles

A

AV node

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18
Q

normal sinus rhythm (NSR)

A

cardiac impulse originates in the sinoatrial node

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19
Q

the cause of ventricular hypertrophy

A

the ventricle is working too hard

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20
Q

what supplies oxygenated blood to the heart muscle

A

coronary arteries

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21
Q

what blood cell is elevated in people with allergies and parasitic diseases

A

eosinophil

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22
Q

in which structure is the oxygen saturation highest

A

pulmonary vein

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23
Q

Which of the following is characteristic of the activated platelet?

A

Stickiness

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24
Q

Which of the following is most likely to be characterized by severe pain, organ damage, and hemolysis?

A

sickle cell anemia

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25
Q

Erythroblastosis fetalis is primarily a problem involving

A

agglutination and hemolysis

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26
Q

A hematocrit of 35% (male) is most often indicative of

A

deficiency of RBCs as in anemia

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27
Q

what best describes prothrombin and. fibrinogen

A

clotting factors

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28
Q

What is true regarding mediastinum

A

the mediastinum is a space between the lungs

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29
Q

What is part of the blood flow through the heart

A

left atrium

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30
Q

Blood type called the universal recipient

A

type ab

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31
Q

event that causes the pulmonic valve to open

A

an increase in the pressure within the right ventricle

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32
Q

Name of valve that prevents backflow of blood into the right atrium when right ventricle contracts

A

tricuspid

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33
Q

What receives oxygenated blood

A

pulmonary veins

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34
Q

Name of condition caused by a diet that is deficient in iron.

A

anemia

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35
Q

causes of deep vein thrombosis

A

venous stasis

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36
Q

red and white blood cells are

A

produced in the bone marrow

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37
Q

Which of the following is responsible for the opening and closing of the heart valves?

A

Pressure exerted on the valves as the heart contracts and relaxes

38
Q

what is located between the visceral and parietal pericardium

A

a space that contains serous fluid

39
Q

Why may a person who has had a gastrectomy (removal of the stomach) develop pernicious anemia?

A

Vitamin B12 absorption is impaired because of the lack of intrinsic factor.

40
Q

What causes S1 and S2?

A

Closure of heart valves

41
Q

what is common to all forms of severe anemia

A

hypoxemia

42
Q

define nodal rhythm

A

the electrical signal arises within the AV node

43
Q

thrombocytopenia

A

all of the above are true

44
Q

not related to the heart

A

dorsal cavity

45
Q

An infection is most often accompanied by

A

leukocytosis.

46
Q

What is the most important role of hemoglobin?

A

Transport of oxygen

47
Q

bilirubin is a breakdown product of

A

red blood cells

48
Q

most related to biconcave disc, hemoglobin, and erythropoietin

A

red blood cell

49
Q

In what way is the neutrophil similar to the monocyte? Both are

A

phagocytic.

50
Q

not true of the heart

A

the pericardium is composed of actin and myosin

51
Q

when is coronary blood flow greatest

A

during myocardial relaxation

52
Q

rapid hemolysis causes

A

hyperbilirubinemia and jaundice

53
Q

what structure received unoxygenated blood

A

right atrium

54
Q

The right ventricle pumps blood to the

A

pulmonary artery

55
Q

Which of the following best describes the function of the pulmonary artery?

A

It carries unoxygenated blood to the pulmonary capillaries.

56
Q

The word icterus refers to

A

jaundice.

57
Q

Why may a “racing heart” (170 bpm) cause chest pain?

A

A racing heart decreases diastole, the period when coronary blood flow is maximal

58
Q

Which of the following best describes the heart as a double pump?

A

Right and left

59
Q

Which type of anemia is associated with myelosuppression?

A

Aplastic

60
Q

the aorta received blood from the

A

left ventricle

61
Q

Kernicterus is most related to elevated plasma levels of which substance?

A

Bilirubin

62
Q

Which of the following is most associated with a blood clot?

A

Fibrin strands

63
Q

a vessel that carries blood from the pulmonary capillaries to the left atrium is the

A

pulmonary veins

64
Q

What is the normal pH of blood?

A

7.35 to 7.45

65
Q

Which of the following best indicates why the left ventricular myocardium is thicker than the right ventricular myocardium?

A

The left ventricle works harder than the right ventricle.

66
Q

result of ventricular contraction

A

blood is pumped into the pulmonary artery and the aorta

67
Q

Which layer of the heart allows it to act as a pump?

A

Myocardium

68
Q

peacemaker of the heart is located in the upper wall of the

A

right atrium

69
Q

Which of the following mom-baby combinations is most apt to induce erythroblastosis fetalis?

A

Mom A(-), baby A(+)

70
Q

S2 is

A

the second heart sound

71
Q

What are ventricles “doing” during atrial contraction?

A

Relaxing

72
Q

Erythropoietin

A

all of the above are true

73
Q

What is the hardest working cardiac chamber and therefore has the thickest myocardium?

A

left ventricle

74
Q

Which of the following is called extrinsic factor?

A

Vitamin B12

75
Q

Which structure is perfused by blood that flows from the pulmonary capillaries to the aorta?

A

left ventricle

76
Q

what is caused by an overdose of heparin or warfarin sodium (coumadin)

A

bleeding

77
Q

monocytes and lymphocytes

A

nongranular leukocytes

78
Q

Which of the following is least associated with hemostasis?

A

Phagocytosis

79
Q

Heme contains

A

iron

80
Q

Which cavity first receives unoxygenated blood from the vena cava?

A

Right atrium

81
Q

the heart

A

lies within the mediastinal and thoracic cavities

82
Q

Which of the following is most likely to happen with the activation of plasminogen?

A

The blood clot dissolves.

83
Q

What is the cause of the lubb dupp heart sounds?

A

Closing of the heart valves

84
Q

best characterizes the effects of hemophilia

A

bleeding

85
Q

Which of the following is true about the left ventricular myocardium?

A

contraction pumps blood into the aorta

86
Q

Which of the following does the prothrombin time measure?

A

Clotting activity of the blood

87
Q

referring to the ECG, the QRS complex represents ventricular

A

depolarization

88
Q

During ventricular filling, the

A

ventricles are relaxed.

89
Q

Which of the following conditions is most likely to cause erythroblastosis?

A

The baby is Rh+ and the mother is Rh-.

90
Q

hemolysis causes

A

hyperbilirubinemia

Anatomy and Physiology (17 decks)

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