Midterm 1 - Notes 1 Flashcards
Genetics
One/ a few genes at a time
Genomics
All genes are parallel
What does the central dogma of molecular genetics consist of?
Protein coding genes (human genome)
How many protein coding genes are there?
20,687
How many non-coding RNAs are there?
33,977
What are the 5 steps that go from DNA to proteins?
- DNA
- RNA synthesis (transcription)
- RNA
- Protein synthesis (translation)
- Proteins (amino acids)
What is the size of the human genome (in bases)?
3.2 billion bases
What percentage of the protein coding genes come from the genome?
20%
What percentage of the genome are exons?
1.5%
What is the percentage of repetitive elements in the human genome?
50%
What are genomes organized into?
Chromosomes
What does epigenetics control through?
Chromatin structures
-accessibility
What is the level of transcriptional control?
Level of initiation
What does transcriptional control define?
Defines when and how much of a gene is being transcribed
What are 2 things associated with post transcriptional control?
- mRNA stability
2. Turn over rate