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Cultural Anthropology > Mid Term 2: Definitions > Flashcards

Mid Term 2: Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

Non-Verbal Communication

A

Sending and Receiving wordless information

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2
Q

Affinity

A

Has no blood relationship, kinship by marriage or adoption

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3
Q

Immoral

A

Not conforming to accepting standards of morality

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4
Q

Cultural Relativism

A

Understanding person’s belief and activities by other people

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5
Q

Cultural Divergence

A

Dividing of culture into 2 different directions

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6
Q

Cultural Pluralism

A

When smaller groups stick to their cultural identities in a large group, and the large groups accepts their behaviour?

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7
Q

Holism

A

An analysis of society as a whole which refuse to break society into component parts

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8
Q

Subjectivity

A

Felt interior of a person that include their position in a field of relational power

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9
Q

Bio cultural Anthropology

A

Explorations between biology and culture

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10
Q

Enculturation

A

Process of learning your own culture

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11
Q

Power

A

Influencing the actions of others

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12
Q

Matrilineal

A

Descent through female line

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13
Q

Patrilineal

A

Tracing of inheritance, power through the male line

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14
Q

Economic Anthropology

A

Explains human economic behaviour in it’s widest historic geographic and cultural scope

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15
Q

Physical Anthropology

A

Study of biological origins and physical variations among human population

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16
Q

Heteroglossia

A

Diversity of voice, styles of discourse of points of view in a lit work and especially a novel ?????

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17
Q

Perception

A

Facets of self. How sensory information is organized

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18
Q

Cognition

A

Facts of self. Relations between the mind at work and the world in how it works

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19
Q

Social Trauma

A

Speaks to events on a person or social group and undermines trust

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20
Q

Failure to cope (ST)

A

Feeling of “cant do it anymore”

Ex. Father loses daughter and can’t handle it, tries to commit suicide

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21
Q

Transcendence (ST)

A

Existence or experience beyond the normal physical level

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22
Q

Collective Anger

A

?????????????????? had nothing e.

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23
Q

Relatedness

A

Fundamental aspects of human coniditon

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24
Q

Social Relatidness

A

Socially recognized ties that connect people in different ways

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25
Q

Kinship

A

Social relationship that’s derived from universal human experiences of mating, birth, and nuturance

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26
Q

Descent

A

Method of classifying individuals in terms of their various kinship connections

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27
Q

Bilaterality

A

Relatives on fathers side that are equally important for emotional ties or for transfer of property of wealth

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28
Q

Ego

A

The individual from the network of kinship/family descents etc that’s reckoned and traced

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29
Q

Lineage

A

Descent group where all of the links are known

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30
Q

Clans

A

Non-corporated descent group in which genealogical links to a common ancestor and assumed and not actually known

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31
Q

Monogamy

A

Having one spouse

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32
Q

Polygyny

A

Having multiple wives

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33
Q

Patrilocality

A

Residence after marriage in association with the husband’s fathers relatives

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34
Q

Exogamy

A

Rules for of marriage OUTSIDE a particular group

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35
Q

Endogamy

A

Rules of marriage for INSIDE a particular group

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36
Q

Displacement

A

Feature of human language that allows people to talk about events in the past and future

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37
Q

Diversity

A

Different types of people in a group or organization

38
Q

Semanticity

A

Quality that a linguistic system has of being able to convey meanings

39
Q

Prevarication

A

Telling lies, in a sneaky way

40
Q

Socialization

A

People especially children are made to take on the ideas and behaviours of life in a particular society

41
Q

Heteronomitivity

A

Cultural bias in favour of opposite sex relationships of a sexual nature, and against homo relationships

42
Q

Prototype

A

First model of something.. that’s then developed into more models

43
Q

Schema

A

Representation of a plan or theory in the form of an outline model

44
Q

Structural Violence

A

Harming people by preventing them from meeting basic needs (institutions)

45
Q

Syllogistic Reasoning

A

Where logical conclusion is drawn from 2 propositions or premises

46
Q

Taxonomy

A

Branch of science concerned with classification, especially of organisms

47
Q

Achieved Status

A

Ralph Linton. Denoting a social position that is earned or chosen

48
Q

Age Sets

A

Social group with people of the same age that have common identity

49
Q

Ascribed Status

A

Social statues someones assigned at birth or involuntarily later in life

50
Q

Bilateral Descent

A

Relatives on both mother and fathers side are important in emotional ties or for transfer of property or wealth

51
Q

Bridewealth

A

Accompanied by provision of a dowry- a payment, presented by brides family to the grooms family

52
Q

Conjugal Family

A

Family relationships is focused inward, ties to kin voluntary based on emotional bonds rather than strict duties and obligations

53
Q

Ecotones

A

Region of transition between 2 biological communities

54
Q

Dowry

A

Transferred of parental property at marriage of a daughter (cows)

55
Q

Extended Family

A

Aunts, uncles, cousins all nearby or in the same household

56
Q

Family of Choice

A

Choosing your own “Kin”

57
Q

Joint Family

A

2 or more generations of kindred related through either a parent line or to common social economic and religous regulations

58
Q

Nuclear Family

A

Pair of adults and their children

59
Q

Secret Society

A

Organization where members sworn to secrecy about it’s activities

60
Q

Segmentary Opposition

A

Society characterized by the organization of society into 2 segments

61
Q

Sodalitives

A

???????

62
Q

Unilineal Descent

A

Descent through paternal or maternal line only

63
Q

Affluence

A

Being wealthy

64
Q

Distribution

A

System of allocating resources in society

65
Q

Ecology

A

Branch of bio that deals with the relations of organisms to one another and to their physical surroundings

66
Q

Econiche

A

Statues of organisms within its environment and community

67
Q

Economy

A

Wealth and resources of a country or region especially in terms of the production and consumption of gods and services

68
Q

Extensive Agriculture

A

Production system using small inputs of labour, fertilizers, and capital relative to the land/area being farmed

69
Q

Food Collectors

A

Foragers or hunters (gathereres)

70
Q

Food Producers

A

Domesticated edible plants and control their food sources often modifying the environment

71
Q

Ideology

A

System of ideas and ideals, especially one that forms the basis of economic or political theory and policy

72
Q

Insitution

A

Organization or society founded for a religious, educational, social, or similar purpose

73
Q

Intensive Agriculture

A

Characterized by low fallow ration and higher use of inputs

74
Q

Labour

A

Hard physical work

75
Q

Market Exchange

A

Used in capitalist societies and is most recently developed mode of exchange

76
Q

Means of Productions

A

Facilities and resources for producing gooods

77
Q

Mechanized Industrial Argichulture

A

Process of using arg machinery to mechanise the work of agriculture

78
Q

Mode of Production

A

Varied ways that human beings collectively produce the means of subsistence in order to survive and enhance social being

79
Q

Neo-Classical economic theory

A

E. Roy. Set of solutions to economics focusing on the determination of goods, outputs, income distribution, in markets through supply and demand

80
Q

Production

A

Making good available

81
Q

Reciprocity

A

Mutual interchange of favours or privileges, especially the exchange of rights or of trade between groups

82
Q

Redistribution

A

Mechanisms whereby a politically or economically powerful group or indiv collects good and services from the members of society and relocates them among members

83
Q

Scarcity

A

State of being scarce or in short supply

84
Q

Foraging

A

Act of fishing, hunting, collecting food

85
Q

Horticulture

A

Non- Industrial system of plant cultivation plots lie fallow for varrying lenghts of time

86
Q

Pasturalism

A

Recieving most of their food from heards of domesticated animals

87
Q

Agriculture

A

Growing of food in the same location for an extended period of time

88
Q

Industrialism

A

Society in which most of the population isn’t directly involved in the food production process

89
Q

Cultural Discretment

A

Act or process of exhibiting keen insight and good judgement

90
Q

Morality

A

principles concerning the distinction between right and wrong or good and bad behavior

Cultural Anthropology (15 decks)

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