Mid Term 1: Study Review

Question 1

4 Sub fields of Anthropology

Answer 1

1. Cultural
2. Physical
3. Archaeology
4. Linguistics

Question 2

Cultural Anthropology

Answer 2

Study of all aspects of living human behavior

Question 3

Archaeology

Answer 3

Study of material remains of past culture

Question 4

Physical Anthropology

Answer 4

Biological aspects of humans

Question 5

Linguistics

Answer 5

The study of language, origin, and acquisition

Question 6

Ethnocentrism

Answer 6

Assumption that one’s own culture is the best, most sensible, natural and normal

Question 7

Ethnography

Answer 7

Includes both fieldwork among people in society and written results of such fieldwork.

Question 8

Franz Boaz

Answer 8

Believed fieldwork was key to understanding culture. Developed theory of relativism.

Question 9

Dialectics

Answer 9

Used to describe a long term historical change

Question 10

Human Condition

Answer 10

Holistic and has dialectical properties

Question 11

Culture

Answer 11

complex whole which included knowledge, belief etc as a member of society

Question 12

Components of Culture that make human exeptionality

Answer 12

• -> enhance our holistic possibility

- -> dialectical aspect

Question 13

Imperatives for Culture

Answer 13

1. Cultural Self-awareness-reflexivity
2. Cultural as dynamic as “meaning making”
3. Cultural as relational (no butterflies)

Question 14

Ethnocentrism

Answer 14

Dualism

Question 15

Cultural Relativism

Answer 15

Dialectic

Question 16

Requirements for fieldwork

Answer 16

• Permisson

- Ethics: minimize harm, anonymity

Question 17

Methods for gathering Data in the field

Answer 17

• transects, surveys, interviews

- focus groups or participant observations

Question 18

Colonialism

Answer 18

Erosion of trade ways of life that protected from desituation

Question 19

Talal Asad

Answer 19

Anthro and the colonial encounters it reinforces the inequalities in capacity between the European and the non-European worlds

Question 20

Challenges in Fieldwork

Answer 20

Social
- unevan acceptance

Physical, psychological

• isolation
• Culture shock

Question 21

Holism

Answer 21

non-reductionist perspective

Question 22

Morgan’s Scheme

Answer 22

(1877)

1. Savagery
2. Barbarism
3. Civilization

Question 23

Transcription

Answer 23

Taking a fieldwork, recording it, and then typing it out

Question 24

Coding

Answer 24

Highlighting words you think are important

Question 25

Field Recording

Answer 25

Recording every word in interview

Question 26

Focus groups

Answer 26

Focused on interaction with a group

Question 27

Situated Knowledge

Answer 27

Account for both the agency of knowledge producer that of the object of study

Question 28

Fact

Answer 28

Widely accepted observation taken for granted item of common knowledge

Question 29

Uniliear Cultural evolution

Answer 29

Theory all cultures change overtime and the ones that don't are behind in time (western civilization)

Question 30

Cultural relativism

Answer 30

Perspective all cultures are equally valid and can only be understood in their own terms

Question 31

Language

Answer 31

System of vocal symbols we use to encode our experiences of the world

Question 32

Human Communication

Answer 32

Transfer of information from one person to another

Question 33

Speech Community

Answer 33

Group of people where language is associated

Question 34

Charles Hocked

Answer 34

(1966) Listed 16 different design features of human language

Question 35

Openness

Answer 35

Ability to talk about the same experiences from different perspectives

Question 36

Terrence Deacon

Answer 36

Set of 6 calls. 1. Laughing 2. Sobbing 3. Screaming 4. Crying 5. Groaning 6. Sighing

Question 37

Arbitrariness

Answer 37

Lack of transparent connection between the form of symbols and its function or meaning