Mid Term 1: Study Review Flashcards

1
Q

4 Sub fields of Anthropology

A
  1. Cultural
  2. Physical
  3. Archaeology
  4. Linguistics
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2
Q

Cultural Anthropology

A

Study of all aspects of living human behavior

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3
Q

Archaeology

A

Study of material remains of past culture

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4
Q

Physical Anthropology

A

Biological aspects of humans

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5
Q

Linguistics

A

The study of language, origin, and acquisition

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6
Q

Ethnocentrism

A

Assumption that one’s own culture is the best, most sensible, natural and normal

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7
Q

Ethnography

A

Includes both fieldwork among people in society and written results of such fieldwork.

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8
Q

Franz Boaz

A

Believed fieldwork was key to understanding culture. Developed theory of relativism.

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9
Q

Dialectics

A

Used to describe a long term historical change

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10
Q

Human Condition

A

Holistic and has dialectical properties

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11
Q

Culture

A

complex whole which included knowledge, belief etc as a member of society

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12
Q

Components of Culture that make human exeptionality

A
  • -> enhance our holistic possibility

- -> dialectical aspect

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13
Q

Imperatives for Culture

A
  1. Cultural Self-awareness-reflexivity
  2. Cultural as dynamic as “meaning making”
  3. Cultural as relational (no butterflies)
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14
Q

Ethnocentrism

A

Dualism

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15
Q

Cultural Relativism

A

Dialectic

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16
Q

Requirements for fieldwork

A
  • Permisson

- Ethics: minimize harm, anonymity

17
Q

Methods for gathering Data in the field

A
  • transects, surveys, interviews

- focus groups or participant observations

18
Q

Colonialism

A

Erosion of trade ways of life that protected from desituation

19
Q

Talal Asad

A

Anthro and the colonial encounters it reinforces the inequalities in capacity between the European and the non-European worlds

20
Q

Challenges in Fieldwork

A

Social
- unevan acceptance

Physical, psychological

  • isolation
  • Culture shock
21
Q

Holism

A

non-reductionist perspective

22
Q

Morgan’s Scheme

A

(1877)

  1. Savagery
  2. Barbarism
  3. Civilization
23
Q

Transcription

A

Taking a fieldwork, recording it, and then typing it out

24
Q

Coding

A

Highlighting words you think are important

25
Q

Field Recording

A

Recording every word in interview

26
Q

Focus groups

A

Focused on interaction with a group

27
Q

Situated Knowledge

A

Account for both the agency of knowledge producer that of the object of study

28
Q

Fact

A

Widely accepted observation taken for granted item of common knowledge

29
Q

Uniliear Cultural evolution

A

Theory all cultures change overtime and the ones that don’t are behind in time (western civilization)

30
Q

Cultural relativism

A

Perspective all cultures are equally valid and can only be understood in their own terms

31
Q

Language

A

System of vocal symbols we use to encode our experiences of the world

32
Q

Human Communication

A

Transfer of information from one person to another

33
Q

Speech Community

A

Group of people where language is associated

34
Q

Charles Hocked

A

(1966) Listed 16 different design features of human language

35
Q

Openness

A

Ability to talk about the same experiences from different perspectives

36
Q

Terrence Deacon

A

Set of 6 calls.

  1. Laughing
  2. Sobbing
  3. Screaming
  4. Crying
  5. Groaning
  6. Sighing
37
Q

Arbitrariness

A

Lack of transparent connection between the form of symbols and its function or meaning