Chapter 12 Flashcards
Caste
Ranked group whose membership is based on inherited social roles
Class
Ranked group within hierarchically stratified society whose membership is defined primarily in terms of wealth, occupation, and or/ access to power
Client
The party inferior status in a clientage
Clientage
The institution linking individuals from upper and lower levels in a stratified society
Colourism
System of social identities negotiated based on the situation along the continuum of skin colour between whites and black
Ethnic Groups;
Distinguished from one another on the basis of ethnicity
Ethnicity
Social classification based on common cultural heritage and selected cultural features
Jati
A caste that refers to localized, named, endogamous groups
Nationalism
Attempt made by government officials to instil a sense of nationality into the citizens of a state
Nations
Groups of people believed to share the same things
Nation-State
An ideal political unit in which national identity and political territory coincide
Naturalizing Discourses
The deliberate representation of particular identities as if they were a result of biology or nature rather than history or culture
Objectification
The intentional construction of a collective public identity, it is the process that produces what we commonly think of as ethnicity
Patron
The part of superior stats in a clientage
Race
Broad human population that corresponds to distinct, heritable sets of biological attributes and often conflates geographic ancestry and physical type
Racialism
Belief in the existence of biologically distinct races
Racism
Hating on a certain group…
Reification
Encourages the violent elimination of targeted groups and is central to the practice of racisms
Social Race
Achieved status with a racial label in a system of stratification that is composed of open, class-like categories to which racial labels are assigned
Stratified Societies
Where there is a permanent hierarchy that accords some members privileged to access to wealth, power, and prestige
Strategic Essentialism
Use of essentialist rhetoric as a conscious political strategy to create a temporary solidarity to facilitate a specific social action
Transformist Hegemony
Program to define nationality in a way that preserves the cultural domination of the ruling group while including enough cultural features from subordinated groups to ensure their loyalty
Varna
Traditional social ranks that divide Indian society into 4 functional subdivisions
Priests Mobility (rulers and warriors)
Commoners (farmers and merchants)
Laborers and Servants
