Microscope

Question 1

Microscopy

Answer 1

is a technical field that involves the use of specialized instruments called microscopes to observe objects at a level of detail not visible to the naked eye

Question 2

Zacharias Janssen & Hans Lippershey

Answer 2

developed the first compound microscope, which used multiple lenses to magnify objects.

Question 3

Robert Hooke

Answer 3

an English scientist, used a microscope to examine cork cells and coined the term ‘cells.’ His significant discovery contributed to our understanding of the basic unit of life

Question 4

Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek

Answer 4

a Dutch scientist, invented a single-lens, hand-held microscope with remarkable magnification capabilities of up to 270x. He used this microscope to make pioneering observations of microorganisms and cells.

Question 5

Light Microscope

Answer 5

refers to microscopes that use visible light to illuminate and magnify specimens. Can be monocular or binocular

Question 6

Compound light microscope

Answer 6

is the most common microscope used in microbiology

Question 7

Electron microscope

Answer 7

Microscopes that use a beam of electrons (instead of a beam of light) and electromagnets (instead of glass lenses) for focusing.

Question 8

Brightfield Microscopy

Answer 8

the field of view is brightly lit so that organisms and other structures are visible against it because of their different densities.

Question 9

Darkfield Microscopy

Answer 9

the field of view is dark and the organisms are illuminated. A special condenser is used which causes light to reflect from the specimen at an angle. It is used for observing bacteria such as treponemes (which cause syphilis) and leptospires (which cause leptospirosis)

Question 10

Phase-contrast microscopy

Answer 10

allows the examination of live unstained organisms.

Question 11

Fluorescence microscopy

Answer 11

are stained with fluorochromes/ fluorochrome complexes

Question 12

Inventor of light microscope

Answer 12

Zacharias and Hans Janssen

Question 13

Inventor of stereo microscope

Answer 13

Charles A. Spencer

Question 14

2 main types of electron microscope

Answer 14

Transmission and Scanning electron microscopes

Question 15

Inventors of electron microscope

Answer 15

Ernst Ruska & Max Knoll

Question 16

Father of electron microscope

Answer 16

Ernst Ruska

Question 17

Inventor of SEM

Answer 17

Manfred von Ardenne, Bodo von Borries, and Robert Pohl

Question 18

Confocal microscope

Answer 18

Used in biology and materials science, these microscopes use lasers and pinholes to create sharp, high-contrast images.

Question 19

Inventor of confocal microscope

Answer 19

Marvin Minsky

Question 20

Inventor of Fluorescence microscope

Answer 20

Oskar Heimstädt

Question 21

Scanning Tunneling microscope

Answer 21

Measures electrical current between a probe and the sample’s surface for atomic-level imaging

Question 22

Inventors of STM

Answer 22

Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer

Question 23

Atomic force microscope

Answer 23

Measures interaction forces between a sharp tip and the sample’s surface, used to study surface characteristics at the nanoscale.

Question 24

Inventor of AFM

Answer 24

Gerd Binnig