Animal form and function/ Thermoregulation

Question 1

They are complex systems of cells working in a coordinated fashion to monitor changing external conditions while
maintaining a constant internal environment.

Answer 1

Animals

Question 2

3 parts of the cell organization

Answer 2

Tissue, Organ, Organ system

Question 3

4 general categories of the animal tissue

Answer 3

• Epithelial tissue (outer skin layers and internal protective coverings)
• Connective tissue (bone, cartilage, blood)
• Nervous tissue
• Muscle tissue

Question 3

They are groups of similar cells performing a common function

Answer 3

Tissue

Question 4

It is two or more organs working together to accomplish a particular task

Answer 4

Organ system

Question 4

It is a group of different kinds of tissues functioning together to perform a particular activity

Answer 4

Organ

Question 5

What is homeostasis?

Answer 5

Maintenance of stable internal condition

Question 5

What is the function of the animal system?

Answer 5

Contribute to homeostasis

Question 6

In many cases, stable conditions are maintained by?

Answer 6

Negative feedback

Question 7

What happens in a negative feedback?

Answer 7

a sensing mechanism (a receptor) detects a change in conditions beyond specific limits.

Question 8

Conditions are constantly monitored and evaluated by?

Answer 8

Receptors and control center

Question 9

Evaluates the change and activates a second mechanism (an effector)

Answer 9

Integrator or control center

Question 10

What does an effector do?

Answer 10

It corrects the condition(s)

Question 11

So what really happens in negative feedback?

Answer 11

original condition is canceled, or negated, so that conditions are returned to normal

Question 12

an action intensifies a condition so that it is driven further beyond normal limits.

Answer 12

Positive feedback

Question 13

Animals can loosely grouped into two groups

Answer 13

Ectotherms/Endotherms

Question 14

Are animals that obtain body heat from their environment.

Answer 14

Ectotherms

Question 15

What is poikilotherms?

Answer 15

Changing temperature

Question 16

Are animals that generate their own body heat

Answer 16

Endotherms

Question 17

What is homeotherm(s)?

Answer 17

they maintain a constant internal temperature or as “warm-blooded” because their temperature is relatively warm
compared to ectotherms

Question 18

What are the ways that animals regulate their temperature?

Answer 18

cooling by evaporation, warming by metabolism, adjusting area surface to regulate temperature

Question 19

What is thermoregulation?

Answer 19

the process of maintaining a steady internal body temperature by balancing heat generation with heat loss

Question 20

Many animals lose heat by sweating

Answer 20

Cooling by evaporation

Question 21

Muscle contraction and other metabolic activities generate heat

Answer 21

Warming by metabolism

Question 22

The extremities of bodies add considerable surface area to the body

Answer 22

Adjusting surface area to regulate temperature

Question 23

What is vasodilation/vasoconstriction?

Answer 23

increasing or decreasing the diameter of blood vessels

Question 24

A mechanism occurring in nature and mimicked in industry and engineering, in which there is a crossover of some property, usually heat or some chemical, between two flowing bodies flowing in opposite directions to each other.

Answer 24

Countercurrent exchange

Question 25

heat conduction from the warm blood to the returning cold blood is redirected to internal parts of the body before reaching the extremity

Answer 25

Countercurrent exchange