Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Zoology > Basic components of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell > Flashcards

Basic components of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell Flashcards

1
Q

The most primitive cell and have simple structural organization. Has single membrane system

A

Prokaryotic cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

They are included in kingdom Monera and super kingdom Prokaryota

A

Prokaryotic cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

They include bacteria, virus, blue-green algae, mycoplasmas, rickettsia, spirochetes, etc.

A

Prokaryotic Cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Size of prokaryotic cell

A

1-10 um

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

3 main components of prokaryotic cell

A

outer covering, cytoplasm, nucleoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Composed of inner cell or plasma membrane, middle cell wall, and outer slimy capsule

A

Outer covering

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Made up of lipids and proteins; thin, flexible, and controls the movement of molecules across the cell

A

Cell membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Rigid or semi-rigid non-living structure that surrounds the cell membrane; thickness between 1.5 to 100 um

A

Cell wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Chemically composed of peptidoglycans

A

Cell wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Gelatinous coat outside the cell wall

A

Slimy capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Composed largely of polysaccharides and sometimes other compounds

A

Slimy capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

It protects the cell against desiccation, virus attacks, phagocytosis, and antibiotics

A

Slimy capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Extends out of cell into the medium

A

Filament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Composed of many intertwined spiral chains of the subunits of a protein

A

Flagellin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Attaches the flagellin to the cell and generates the force to rotate it.

A

Basal body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Parts of the basal body

A

Shaft and hook

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Evolved to have double membrane system

A

Eukaryotic cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

One that surrounds the cell, celled cell, or plasma membrane

A

Primary membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Surrounds the nucleus and other organelles

A

Secondary membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Occur in protists, fungi, plants, and animals

A

Eukaryotic cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The human blood contains how many corpuscles

A

30 quadrillion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

A 60 kg human being has how many cells?

A

60 x 3 raised to 15

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

This is where multicellular organisms begin their life

A

A single cell “Zygote”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How do multicellular organism become multicellular?

A

Mitotic division during development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The shape of the cell is correlated with?

A

Its functions like muscle or nerve cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Size of Eukaryotic cell

A

10 to 100 um

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Among the smallest cells having the size of 2 um long

A

Sporazoids of malaria parasite (Plasmodiom Vivax)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q
A
31
Q

SIze of ostrich egg

A

175 x 120 mm

31
Q

Size of human cells

A

20-30 um

31
Q

Size of nerve cell

A

10-25 um

31
Q

Thin elastic living covering that surrounds the cell and controls the transfer of material across it.

A

Plasma membrane or plasmalemma

32
Q

3 components of the Eukaryotic cell

A

Cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus

33
Q

Composed of lipid-protein complex, lacks respiratory enzymes, and allows endocytosis/exocytosis

A

Plasma (cell) membrane or plasmalemma

34
Q

Crucial for maintaining the cell’s internal environment and controlling the passage of ions, nutrients, and waste products

A

Selective permeability

35
Q

Shields the cell’s internal components from potentially harmful external factors

A

Cellular protection

36
Q

Facilitate the movement of specific molecules into or out of the cell

A

Transport of molecules

37
Q

This, proteins on the cell membrane, help cells adhere to one another and form tissues. Also crucial for the organization of multicellular organisms

A

Cell adhesion

38
Q

Signals specific molecules, initiating intercellular responses

A

Receptor function

39
Q

The cell’s primary energy source

A

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

40
Q

Semi-fluid, homogenous, translucent, ground substance known as cytoplasmic matrix or cytosol which is present between cell membrane and the nucleus

A

Cytoplasm

41
Q

Outer firm layer of cytoplasm

A

ectoplasm

42
Q

Inner layer around the central fluid mass of the protozoan cell

A

Endoplasm

43
Q

Streaming movement in cytosol

A

Cylosis

44
Q

Organized structures having the specific functions, capacity of growth, and multiplication

A

Organelles

45
Q

Semi-autonomous organelle

A

Mitochondria

46
Q

Why is mitochondria called endo-symbiotic organelle?

A

DNA of mitochondria resembles the bacteria cell

47
Q

Rod like or globule shaped structures scattered in the cytoplasm found single or in groups

A

Mitochondria

48
Q

a clear zone around centrioles, near the nucleus, that includes a specialized portion of cytoplasm

A

Centrosphere

49
Q

The matrix that bears two rounded bodies the “centrioles”

A

Kinoplasm

50
Q

are paired barrel-shaped organelles located in the cytoplasm of animal cells near the nuclear envelope

A

Centrioles

51
Q

These are the stack of flattened parallel-arranged sacs and vesicles found in association of endoplasmic reticulum.

A

Golgi bodies

52
Q

In plant cells the Golgi complex is called… that secretes required materials for the formation of cell wall at the time of cell division

A

Dictyosome

53
Q

referred to as the “traffic police” of the cell because its enzymes sort out and modify cell’s secretary proteins

A

Golgi apparatus

54
Q

s\is credited with being the first to observe plastids. In 1835, he used a microscope to identify these small, colored structures within plant cells.

A

Hugo von Mohl

55
Q

are a group of organelles found in plant cells, and they play various roles, including photosynthesis (in chloroplasts), storage of pigments (in chromoplasts), and the conversion of starch into sugar (in amyloplasts).

A

Plastids

56
Q

are the minute structures covering the surface in some cells.

A

Cilia

57
Q

Both cilia and flagella originate from the?

A

basal bodies or blepharoplast

58
Q

determine the cell shape and general organization of the cytoplasm, help in transport of water and ions, cytoplasmic streaming (cyclosis) and the formation of spindles during cell division.

A

Microtubules

59
Q

made up of 13 individual filaments.

A

Tubules

60
Q

They are mainly composed of ribonucleic acids (RNA) and protein. They are mainly responsible for protein synthesis

A

Ribosome

61
Q

is the fundamental unit of life, and it is the smallest structure that can carry out the basic functions necessary for an organism’s survival

A

Cell

62
Q

prominent spherical organelle

A

Nucleus

63
Q

bears pores for the exchange of materials between the cytoplasm and the nucleoplasm.

A

Nuclear envelope

64
Q

a highly regulated membrane barrier that separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm in eukaryotic cells

A

Nuclear Envelope

65
Q

delicate membranous network in the cytoplasm.

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

66
Q

The people and year who noted a delicate membranous network in the cytoplasm.

A

1945, Porter, Claude and Fullman

67
Q

Given various names: Nissil substance, ergastoplasm, basophilic bodies

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

68
Q

Ribosomes are absent on the walls of ER

A

Smooth/agranular ER

69
Q

Size of the tubules

A

500-1000A in diameter

70
Q

characterized by the presence of ribosomes on the surface of reticulum - 400 - 500A

A

Rough/granular ER

71
Q

Who said cell is a structure containing a mass of cytoplasm surrounded by semi-permeable membrane called plasma membrane

A

Hans Ris in 1960s

71
Q

Who said cell is defined as unit of biological activity delimited by a semi permeable membrane and capable of self-reproduction in a medium free of other living system?

A

Loewy and Siekevitz 1963

Zoology (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions