Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Microbiology lecture > microbiology quiz 3-12-15 > Flashcards

microbiology quiz 3-12-15 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

those things that have carbon, hydrogen or oxygen are considered what type of nutrient?

A

organic nutrient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

those things that do not have carbon, hydrogen or oxygen are considered what type of nutrient?

A

inorganic nutrient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

name a few things that would be considered a inorganic nutrient?

A

metals, salts, gases, water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

name a few things that would be considered an organic nutrient?

A

carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, methane, and nucleic acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

name a macronutrient

A

carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
amino acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

name a micronutrients

A 
zinc
magnesium
iron
potassium
chloride
calcium
sodium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

a cell has a composition of how much water

A

70%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

the human cell is composed of what % of the top 6 elements and name the elements

A 
carbon
oxygen
hydrogen
nitrogen-----------------96%
phosphorous
calcium-------------------2.5%    equals 98.5% of the weight of the human body
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

the bacterial cell is composed of what % of the elements and name the elements

A 
carbon
oxygen
hydrogen
nitrogen
phosphorous
sulfur------------------------96%
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

if you remove the water of the bacterial cell it is known as what

A

dry weight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what makes up 50% of the dry weight of bacterial cells

A

carbon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what type of organism captures their carbon from carbon dioxide in the air?

A

true autotrophs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what type of organism capture their carbon for energy from organic compounds?

A

heterotrophs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what type of organism captures their energy from a light source?

A

phototrophs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what type of organism captures their energy from chemicals?

A

chemotrophs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what type of organism captures energy from light and carbon from the air?

A

photoautotrophs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what type of organism captures energy from light and carbon from organic compounds?

A

photoheterotrophs- these are rare bacteria and prokaryotes that are able to do this

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what type of organism gets their energy from inorganic chemicals and carbon from the air (carbon dioxide)?

A

chemoautotroph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

give an example of a photoautotrophs?

A

plants
algae
cyanobacteria
green and purple sulfur bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

name an example of a photoheterotroph

A

some prokaryotes that are environmentally important

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what type of organism gets their energy from chemicals and carbon from organic compounds?

A

chemoheterotrophs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

name an example of a chemoheterotrophs

A

most bacteria
fungi
animals
protozoa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

name the category of chemoheterotroph that feeds on dead organic material

A

saprobes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

name the category of chemoheterotroph that feed on living organisms

A

parasites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

give the meaning of troph-

A

food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

give the meaning of -phile

A

to love

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

give the meaning of -obe

A

to live

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

give the meaning of hetero-

A

other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

give the meaning of auto-

A

self

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

give the meaning of photo-

A

light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

give the meaning of chemo-

A

chemical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

give the meaning of sapro-

A

rotten

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

give the meaning of halo-

A

salt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

give the meaning of thermo-

A

heat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

give the meaning of psychro-

A

cold

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

give the meaning of aero-

A

air ( o2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

name the category that includes the bacteria that are cold loving, with an optimal temperature for reproducing is less that 15 degree C, and is not a disease causer?

A

psychrophiles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

name the category that includes the bacteria that have an optimal temperature is greater than 20 degrees C

A

psychrotrophs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

give an example of a psychrotroph that can still reproduce in a refrigerator and can affect pregnant or immunocompromised people?

A

Listeria

40
Q

name the psychrotroph that in 1976 caused a life threatening disease related to dirty air conditioning units

A

Legionella pneumophila

41
Q

name the category that includes the bacteria that have an optimal temperature of 20-40 degrees C

A

mesophile

42
Q

give an example of a mesophile

A

streptococcus pyogenes

43
Q

name the category that includes the bacteria that have an optimal temperature of greater than 100 degrees C

A

thermophile

44
Q

give an example of a thermophile

A

Pseudomonas- causes bacterial skin infections related to the steam in hot tubs

45
Q

out of the 4 categories of bacteria, which bacteria are most associated with the human body?

A

mesophile

46
Q

what adaptation is the lowest temperature that permits a microbe continued growth, and metabolism, but below this temperature activities are inhibited?

A

minimum temperature

47
Q

what adaptation is the highest temperature which permits growth and metabolism, but if it rises above this temperature, growth will stop and the cells will die?

A

maximum temperature

48
Q

what adaptation is the area which is between the min and the max, promoting the fastest growth and rate of metabolism?

A

optimum temperature

49
Q

when cells begin to die related to temperature this is known as

A

denaturation

50
Q

what degree Celsius is the human body

A

37 degrees Celsius

51
Q

what range of degree Celsius is the danger zone for food preservation

A

15-52 degrees Celsius

52
Q

what is the gas requirement category of an organism that cannot grow without oxygen

A

obligate aerobe

53
Q

what is the gas requirement category of an organism that does not require oxygen for its metabolism and is capable of growth in the absence of it

A

facultative anaerobe

54
Q

what is the gas requirement category of an organism that does not grow at normal atmospheric concentrations of oxygen but requires a small amount of it:

A

microaerophile

55
Q

what is the gas requirement category of an organism that lacks the enzyme for processing toxic oxygen, they cannot tolerate any free oxygen. they do not use oxygen for respiration and are not able to grow in the presence of oxygen

A

obligate anaerobe

56
Q

what is the gas requirement category of an organism that does not utilize oxygen but can survive and grow in its presence

A

aerotolerant anaerobe

57
Q

what is the gas requirement category of an organism that grows best at higher CO2 tensions?

A

capnophiles

58
Q

what is the CO2 requirement for a capnophile?

A

3-10%

59
Q

what is the oxygen requirement for a microaerophile?

A

1-15%

60
Q

a bacteria that can grow within a pH range of 6.5 to 7.5 is called :

A

a neutrophile

61
Q

a bacteria that can grow with a pH level less than 5.5 is called :

A

acidophile

62
Q

name an acidophile that can be found in and thrive in the stomach acid environment

A

Helicobacter pylori

63
Q

a bacteria that can live in hot pools and soils that contain high levels of basic minerals in a pH of above 8.0 are called

A

alkalinophiles`

64
Q

most bacteria love a pH of what level?

A

6.5 to 7.5

65
Q

Pseudomonas has what type of gas requirement?

A

obligate aerobe

66
Q

Clostridium butyricum has what type of gas requirement?

A

obligate anaerobe

67
Q

what is the most common type of gas requirement

A

facultative anaerobe

68
Q

Staphylococcus aureus has what type of gas requirement?

A

facultative anaerobe

69
Q

Escherichia coli has what type of gas requirement?

A

facultative anaerobe

70
Q

thioglycollate broth is used to demonstrate what property of bacteria?

A

its used to demonstrate is oxygen requirements

71
Q

a bacteria that grows only where high concentrations of oxygen are?

A

obligate aerobe

72
Q

a bacteria that grows where most oxygen is present, but occurs throughout the tube also are?

A

facultative anaerobe

73
Q

a bacteria that growth occurs only where there is no oxygen

A

obligate anaerobe

74
Q

a bacteria that growth occurs evenly and oxygen has no effect on it is

A

aerotolerant anaerobe

75
Q

a bacteria that growth occurs only where a low concentration of oxygen has diffused into medium

A

microaerophile

76
Q

there are two methods used for culturing anaerobes, what are they

A

a anaerobic chamber and a gas pak

77
Q

what is the gas requirement for a bacteria that grows best at CO2 tensions?

A

capnophile

78
Q

what is the normal CO2 level in the air

A

0.03%

79
Q

a reciprocal, obligatory and beneficial relationship between two organisms

A

mutualism

80
Q

when one organism benefits and the other organism is neither benefitted or harmed by the relationship

A

commensalism

81
Q

this occurs between a host and an infectious agent, the host is harmed in the interaction

A

parasitism

82
Q

what type of mutualism occurs in humans and bacteria

A

the bacteria that live in our intestines

83
Q

what type of commensalism occurs in humans and bacteria

A

the bacteria that lives on our skin, it benefits from being on our skin, but we are not harmed or benefited by its presence. Staphylococcus epidermitis

84
Q

when microorganisms group together and attach to a substrate it is known as a

A

biofilm

85
Q

the grouping of the cells in a biofilm is known as what type of cells

A

sessile

86
Q

the stimulation of the biofilm to produce a product, to grow to a certain density is known as a

A

quorum

87
Q

name a bacteria that can produce a biofilm, it is found in hot tubs, its a thermophile, its an aerobe, and can lead to death especially in burn patients

A

pseudomonas aeruginosa

88
Q

how many people are affected by biofilms according to the CDC

A

70%

89
Q

what is the asexual reproduction or division of bacterial cells, when one parent cell divides into two identical daughter cells

A

binary fission

90
Q

where in the bacterial cell is the chromosomes attached

A

the plasma membrane

91
Q

using an estimate of live cells is called the

A

viable count

92
Q

what is the graphic representation of the stages of growth in a closed population over time

A

the growth curve

93
Q

during this phase the cells are metabolically active but not reproducing

A

lag phase

94
Q

during this phase the cells are reproducing at an exponential rate

A

log phase

95
Q

during this phase the cells rate of reproduction and death are equal

A

stationary phase

96
Q

during this phase the cells are dying off at an exponential rate

A

death phase

Microbiology lecture (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions