Microbiology of Respiratory Infections

Question 1

What are some URT colonisers: Gm -ve and +ve.

Answer 1

Gm +ve:
Strep pneumoniae
Strep pyogenes
Staph aureas

Gm -ve:
Haemophilus influenza
Moraxella catarrhalis. Slide 10

Question 2

What is the cause of acute bronchitis 90% of the time?

Answer 2

Viral so antibiotics are not usually used. Slide 15

Question 3

What causes Whooping Cough?

Answer 3

Bordetella pertussis, Gm-ve coccobacillus. Slide 17

Question 4

What are the airborne precautions for an isolated patient?

Answer 4

A Filtering Face Piece 3 within the PPE.
Hands
Door closed
Decontaminate before entering
Remove disposable wear after. Slide 22

Question 5

What are the droplet precautions for an isolated patient?

Answer 5

Hands
PPE
Door can be open
Remove disposable wear after. Slide 23

Question 6

In Cystic Fibrosis patients what can the inefficient clearance and build up of mucus cause?

Answer 6

Staph aureus, pseudomonas, h. influenzae and strep. pneumoniae. Slide 24

Question 7

What does CAP present clinically?

Answer 7

Cough, increased sputum, chest pain, dispnoea, fever. Slide 27

Question 8

What can causes CAP?

Answer 8

Strep. pnoeumoniae
Atypicals
H. Influenzae
Staph. aureus
Slide 28

Question 9

What are the causes of atypical pneumonia?

Answer 9

Mycoplasma pneumoniae, chlamydophila pneumonia, legionella pneumonia. Slide 34

Question 10

There are 7 types of pneumonia, what are they?

Answer 10

Acute
Chronic
Typical
Atypical
Hospital Associated pneumonia
Aspiration pneumonia
Pneumonia in the immunosuppressed. Slide 34

Question 11

If someone had legionella pneumonia how would you treat them?

Answer 11

Giving carythromycin or erythromycin.
Last resort levofloxacin (quinolone)
Slide 37