Microbiology of genital tract infection Flashcards
Predominate normal vaginal flora
Lactobacillus
Presentation of vaginal candidiasis
Itchy white vaginal discharge
Treatment of candidiasis
Clotrimazole cream/pessary
Oral fluconazole
Manifestation of candida infection in males
Spotty rash on glans penis- balanitis
Gardnerella/mobiluncus species cause…
Bacterial vaginosis
Main symptom of bacterial vaginosis
Thin, watery, fishy-smelling discharge
Diagnostic features of bacterial vaginosis (2)
Raised vaginal pH
High vaginal swab- “clue cells”
Treatment of bacterial vaginosis
Oral metronidazole
Test which should be carried out if prostatitis + less than 35 years old
First pass urine test for chlamydia and gonorrhoea
Management of acute bacterial prostatits
Ciprofloxacin 28 days (trimethoprim if high C. diff risk)
Infection sites of chlamydia (5)
Eyes, throat, rectum, urethra, cervix
Causative agent in syphilis
Treponema pallidum
Four stages of syphilis infection
Primary- chancre (painless ulcers at infection site)
Secondary- rash, ulcer, flu-like symptoms
Latent stage
Late stage- cardio/neuro symptoms
Screening test for syphilis used in Tayside
IgM + IgG ELISA on clotted blood sample
Treatment of syphilis
Long acting injectable penicillin
Commonest viral STI
Genital warts (HPV)
Causative agent of genital warts
Human papillomavirus, mainly serotypes 6 and 11
Prevention of genital warts
HPV vaccine given to girls aged 11-13, against serotypes 6, 11, 16 and 18
Management of genital warts (2)
Non keratinised- podophyllotoxin cream/lotion
Keratinised- cryotherapy
Symptoms of genital herpes
Very painful small, easily ruptured vesicles
Treatment of genital herpes (2)
Aciclovir and pain relief
Single cell protozoa spread by sexual contact
Trichomonas vaginalis
Treatment of trichomonas
Oral metronidazole
Symptoms/signs of trichomonas (3)
Yellow/green offensive discharge
“Strawberry cervix”
Increased vaginal pH
