Anatomy of O&G surgical incisions

Question 1

Four main muscles of the anterolateral abdominal wall

Answer 1

External oblique
Internal oblique
Transversus abdominus
Rectus abdominus

Question 2

What is the linea alba?

Answer 2

The interweaving of the muscle aponeuroses

Question 3

Strong fibrous layer surrounding rectus abdominus

Answer 3

Rectus sheath

Question 4

Which direction does the nerve supply to the anterolateral abdominal wall enter from?

Answer 4

Lateral

Question 5

Which nerves give rise to the

a) thoraco-abdominal nerves
b) subcostal nerve
c) iliohypogastric
d) ilioinguinal

Answer 5

a) 7th-11th intercostal nerves
b) T12 spinal nerve
c) L1 spinal nerve
d) L1 spinal nerve

Question 6

In which plane do the nerves of the anterolateral abdominal wall enter?

Answer 6

Between 2nd and third muscle layers i.e. between internal oblique and transversus abdominus

Question 7

Blood supply to the anterior abdominal wall

Answer 7

Superior and inferior epigastric arteries

Question 8

Superior epigastric artery is a continuation of…

Answer 8

the internal thoracic artery

Question 9

inferior epigastric artery is a branch of…

Answer 9

external iliac artery

Question 10

Blood supply to the lateral abdominal wall

Answer 10

Intercostal and subcostal arteries

Question 11

Which type of incision is typically used for a lower section CS?

Answer 11

Suprapubic/Pfannstiel incision

Question 12

What are the potential complications of a laparotomy?

Answer 12

Potential wound healing complications due to bloodless nature of the incision

Question 13

If a lateral port is needed during laparoscopy, care should be taken to avoid which structure?

Answer 13

Inferior epigastric artery

Question 14

How can the uterine artery be distinguished from the ureter?

Answer 14

Ureter may vermiculate when touched; passes under the uterine artery