microbiology/immunology quizs

Question 1

normal flora

Answer 1

present but doesn’t cause problems

Question 2

anaerotolerant aerobe atmosphere

Answer 2

• prefers 21% oxygen

- can grow in less to 0%

Question 3

opportunistic

Answer 3

only causes disease when immunity is compromised/suppressed

Question 4

obligate aerobe atmosphere

Answer 4

21% oxygen

Question 5

parasitism

Answer 5

• only survive in/on host

- benefits

Question 6

obligate anaerobe atmosphere

Answer 6

0% oxygen (oxygen toxic)

Question 7

symboisis

Answer 7

2 organisms - both benefit

Question 8

pathogen

Answer 8

causes disease

Question 9

facultative anaerobe aka?

Answer 9

anaerotolerant aerobe

Question 10

colonization

Answer 10

• in area not normal

- doesn’t cause disease (Pooh pits)

Question 11

capnophile atmosphere

Answer 11

5-10% co2

Question 12

facultative anaerobe atmosphere

Answer 12

• prefers 21% oxygen

- can grow in less to 0%

Question 13

aerotolerant anaerobe atmosphere

Answer 13

• prefers 0% oxygen

- can grow in 2-10% oxygen

Question 14

commensalism does what

Answer 14

• 2 organisms

- 1 benefits - other not affected

Question 15

infection

Answer 15

microbe multiplies in host - may not cause disease

Question 16

microaerophiles atmosphere

Answer 16

3-10% oxygen

Question 17

how does chlamydia act like bacteria

Answer 17

responds to antibiotics

Question 18

gram+ cell is what color

Answer 18

blue

Question 19

elongated/rod shaped bacteria (singular & plural)

Answer 19

singular - bacillus

plural - bacilli

Question 20

acetone or alcohol is used when

Answer 20

• gram staining

- decolorizer step

Question 21

Zeihl-Neelson stain secondary stain name

Answer 21

methylene blue

Question 22

what stain can be fixed by heat or chemical

Answer 22

Zeihl-Neelson

Question 23

blue cell after gram staining means what

Answer 23

gram positive

Question 24

safranin or carbol fuchsin used when

Answer 24

secondary stain step during Gram staining

Question 25

carbol fuchsin used when

Answer 25

primary stain during Zeihl-Neelson

Question 26

chlamydia acts like a parasity why

Answer 26

needs living host to survive

Question 27

how do you fix Zeihl-Neelson stained slide

Answer 27

heat or chemical fix

Question 28

red cell after gram staining mean

Answer 28

gram negative

Question 29

Zeihl-Neelson primary stain

Answer 29

carbol fuchsin

Question 30

gram- cell is what color

Answer 30

red

Question 31

gram stain - secondary stain

Answer 31

safranin or carbol fuchsin

Question 32

what needs living host to survive

Answer 32

parasite

Question 33

what lives in cells and needs live culture media

Answer 33

virus

Question 34

chlamydia acts like a virus why

Answer 34

- lives in cells | - needs live culture media

Question 35

gram stain - what happens during decolorizer step

Answer 35

lipids in cell wall dissolve

Question 36

Zeihl-Neelson primary stain steps

Answer 36

- heat primary stain for 5 minutes - DO NOT boil - add more stain as it evaporates

Question 37

bacilli shape

Answer 37

elongated/rod

Question 38

what responds to antibiotics

Answer 38

bacteria

Question 39

gram stain decolorizer

Answer 39

acetone or alcohol

Question 40

round/spherical shaped bacteria (singular & plural)

Answer 40

singular - coccus | plural - cocci

Question 41

Zeihl-Neelson stain decolorizer

Answer 41

acid alcohol

Question 42

gram stain mordant

Answer 42

gram's iodine

Question 43

what stain do you ALWAYS heat fix

Answer 43

gram stain

Question 44

how is bacteria attached to slide when Gram staining

Answer 44

heat fixed

Question 45

methylene blue used when

Answer 45

Zeihl-Neelson secondary stain

Question 46

Zeihl-Neelson stain aka

Answer 46

acid-fast stain

Question 47

cocci shape

Answer 47

round/spherical

Question 48

gram stain primary stains

Answer 48

- gentian violet | - crystal violet

Question 49

what happens during Zeihl-Neelson primary stain heating step

Answer 49

heat loosens fatty acids in cell wall to allow stain to enter

Question 50

acid alcohol used when

Answer 50

Zeihl-Neelson decolorizer step

Question 51

Zeihl-Neelson mordant name

Answer 51

no mordant used

Question 52

gentian or crystal violet used when

Answer 52

gram stain primary stain

Question 53

gram's iodine used when

Answer 53

gram staining mordant step

Question 54

% of very solid agar

Answer 54

3-5%

Question 55

what color is alpha hemolysis

Answer 55

clear

Question 56

what is always a broth

Answer 56

enrichment

Question 57

hemolysis that is green/brown color

Answer 57

beta

Question 58

hemolysis that is clear color

Answer 58

alpha

Question 59

add serum at what temp

Answer 59

85 degrees celcius

Question 60

what color is beta hemolysis

Answer 60

green/brown

Question 61

what % agar prevents swarming

Answer 61

3-5% very solid

Question 62

what agar is 0.5%

Answer 62

semi-solid

Question 63

why is very solid agar used

Answer 63

prevent swarming

Question 64

what does charcoal & starch do

Answer 64

absorb toxins

Question 65

what additives absorbs toxins

Answer 65

- charcoal | - starch

Question 66

where does whole blood come from

Answer 66

- horse | - sheep

Question 67

why do you not use human blood for culture media

Answer 67

contains - | antibodies, antigens, antibiotics, hormones, disease

Question 68

2 examples of lysed blood media

Answer 68

- chocolate agar | - Thayer-Martin

Question 69

oxygen indicator

Answer 69

resazurin

Question 70

lysing agent

Answer 70

saponin

Question 71

what is made up of peptones, carbs, agar and distilled water

Answer 71

basic media

Question 72

what happens at 38-42 degrees celcius

Answer 72

solidify agar

Question 73

what is resazurin

Answer 73

oxygen indicator

Question 74

enrichment is always

Answer 74

broth

Question 75

what must be done to enrichment culture

Answer 75

must always be sub-cultured to solid media

Question 76

solidify agar temp

Answer 76

38-42 degrees celcius

Question 77

what is basic media made of

Answer 77

peptones, carbohydrates, agar, distilled water

Question 78

what agar is 3-5%

Answer 78

very solid

Question 79

2 types of hemolysis on whole blood agar

Answer 79

alpha and beta

Question 80

reduce convections

Answer 80

0.05 - 0.1%

Question 81

0.05-0.1% is used to what

Answer 81

reduce convections

Question 82

what % is solid agar

Answer 82

2%

Question 83

what % is semi-solid agar

Answer 83

0.5%

Question 84

what is saponin

Answer 84

lysing agent

Question 85

what agar is 2%

Answer 85

solid

Question 86

what state is Loeffler's media

Answer 86

very firm media

Question 87

what inhibits normal flora

Answer 87

enrichment

Question 88

3 reasons to add whole blood to culture media

Answer 88

- to enrich - show hemolysis - food for non-fastidious bacteria

Question 89

what does enrichment do

Answer 89

always inhibits normal flora