hematology and phlebotomy quizes Flashcards
1
Q
what do eosinophil granules look like
A
coarse and red
2
Q
erythrocytes are what type of blood cells
A
RBC’s
3
Q
neutrophil color and size of granules
A
fine and lilac or pink
4
Q
erythrocytes globin acts as
A
a buffer
5
Q
name all granulocytes
A
neutrophils
eosinophils
basophils
6
Q
what makes up 60-70% of WBC’s
A
neutrophils
7
Q
eosinophil physical description
A
bi-lobed nucleus (horseshoe shape)
8
Q
what granulocyte has coarse/red granules
A
eosinophils
9
Q
are basophils a phagocyte
A
not a phagocyte
10
Q
2 types of lymphocytes
A
b-cell
t-cell
11
Q
what granulocyte has coarse blue/black granules
A
basophils
12
Q
neutrophil have what color and size granules
A
fine
pink/lilac
13
Q
where do monocytes provide protection
A
in blood stream
14
Q
what does neutrophil nucleus look like
A
multi-lobed
15
Q
what does eosinophil nucleus look like
A
bi-lobed
16
Q
eosinophils color and size granules
A
coarse
red
17
Q
kinds of granulocytes
A
neutrophils
eosinophils
basophils
18
Q
b-cell produced where
A
in bone marrow
19
Q
what % of all WBC’s are neutrophils
A
60-70%
20
Q
what % of all WBC’s are eosinohils
A
1-4%
21
Q
what do T-cells do
A
chemically attack antigens
22
Q
which cell has bright red inclusions
A
eosinophils
23
Q
what cell has several lobes in nuclei
A
neutrophil
24
Q
what make up 0-1% of WBC’s
A
basophils
25
2 types of classification of WBC's
granulocytes
| agranulocytes
26
when do eosinophils become active
during allergic reaction
27
t-cells produced where
thymus
28
basophil color and size of granules
coarse
| blue/black
29
fine, lilac/pink granules belong to who
neutrophils
30
is a monocyte a phagocyte
yes, a very aggressive phagocyte
31
what agranulocyte provides protection in the blood stream
monocyte
32
are eosinophils a phagocyte
yes they are a phagocyte
33
erythrocytes have no
nucleus or organelles
34
eosinophil color and size of granules
red
| coarse
35
are neutrophils a phagocyte
yes they are a phagocyte
36
what 2 things does a basophil produce
histamine to induce inflammation
| heparin to prevent clotting
37
what % of neutrophil in the body under normal circumstances
60-70%
38
what releases histamine and heparin
basophils
39
when do lymphocytes become active
during ACUTE viral infection
40
neutrophil nucleus physical description
multi-lobed nucleus (3-7 segments)
41
small cell shape
microcytic
42
eosinophils make up what % of WBC's
1-4%
43
what granulocytes are phagocytes
neutrophils and eosinophils
44
how do B lymphocytes fight viral infection
produce antibodies
45
what % of all WBC's are basophils
0-1%
46
eosinophils ingest what
parasites
47
basophils color and size of granules
coarse
| blue/black
48
is a basophil a phagocyte
no
49
b lymphocyte size
big cell
50
what do basophils produce and for what reason
histamine for inflammation
| heparin to prevent clotting
51
what do neutrophil granules look like
fine
| lilac/pink
52
basophil physical description
s or u shaped nucleus
53
RBC/erythrocyte physical description
biconcave (peanut)
54
B lymphocyte physical description
spherical shape
55
T lymphocytes do what
chemically attack antigens (foreign particles)
56
b lymphocytes produce what
antibodies
57
b lymphocytes active when
ACUTE viral infection
58
least abundant granulocyte
basophils
59
type of infection when monocytes present
CHRONIC infection
60
what do B lymphocytes produce
antibodies
61
what cell produces histamines in inflammatory response
basophils
62
big cell shape called what
macrocytic
63
neutrophils active during
ACUTE bacterial infection
64
which cell is involved in immune response to virus
lymphocyte
65
what becomes active during allergic reation
eosinophils
66
lymphocytes make up what % of WBC's
+/- 30%
67
what is an eosinophil and what does it do
a phagocyte that ingests parasites
68
when are monocytes active
during CHRONIC infections (bacterial, viral, parasitic)
69
what granulocyte is NOT a phagocyte
basophils
70
T lymphocyte physical description
spherical shape
71
how do T lymphocytes fight viral infection
chemically attack antigens
72
what is an aggressive phagocyte called
monocyte
73
types of agranulocytes
lymphocytes
| monocyte
74
what are thrombocytes
platelets
75
T lymphocytes size
tiny cell
76
types of lymphocytes
B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes
77
what are thrombocytes fragments of
megakaryocyte
78
monocyte physical description
indented/kidney shaped nucleus
79
T lymphocytes active when
ACUTE viral infection
80
is a lymphocyte a phagocyte
no
81
pernicious anemia is caused by
lacking INTRINSIC factor to absorb vitamin B
82
who does Sickle Cell primarily affect
African-American descent
83
who is most likely to have Thalassemia
a person of Mediterranean descent
| also hereditary
84
what is pernicious anemia
impaired absorption of vitamin B12
85
anemia - pernicious means
B12
86
Thalassemia and Sickle Cell are what types of anemia
hemolytic
87
3 causes of Aplastic Anemia
- chemicals
- radiation
- drug treatments
88
example of chronic hemorrhagic anemia
bleeding ulcer
89
treatment of pernicious anemia involves
B12 injections
90
what is the only BENIGN reason for leukocytosis
pregnancy - to provide immunity for both mother and fetus
91
2 examples of acute hemorrhagic anemia
frequent nosebleeds
| heavy menstruation
92
how can you cause polycythemia yourself and explain
blood doping
| draw out blood, store for few days, reinsert into body to increase oxygen levels
93
erythroblastosis fetalis is a concern when
mother Rh negative and fetus Rh positive
94
Thalassemia effects who
mediterranean descent
95
benign reason for leukocytosis
pregnancy
96
infectious mononucleosis results from
Epstein-Barr virus
97
leukemia with average onset of 65 years old
CLL - Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
98
aplastic anemia is caused by
chemical/radiation
99
sickle cell anemia effects who
| what average?
african-american
| 1 in 600 people
100
leukemia that strikes children 3-7 years old
ALL - Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia
101
causes of iron deficiency anemia
impaired absorption of iron
| lack of iron in diet
102
what does idiopathic mean
unknown cause
103
causes of acute hemorrhagic anemia
frequent nosebleeds
heavy menstruations
surgery
104
benign cause of polycythemia
blood doping
105
2 types of hemorrhagic anemia
acute and chronic
106
types of hemolytic anemia
Thalassemia and Sickle Cell
107
cause of chronic hemorrhagic anemia
bleeding ulcer
108
when does hemolytic disease occur
when mother is Rh- and fetus is Rh+
109
what happens to WBC's with leukopenia
decrease in WBC's below 5, 000uL
110
how is hemophilia treated
factor 8 injections
111
what happens to WBC's with leukocytosis
increase in WBC's over 10,000uL
112
cause of aplastic anemia
destruction or inhibition of red bone marrow by chemicals or radiation
113
stats of people born with Sickle cell
1 in 600
114
what is hemolytic disease due to
Rh factor incompatibility between mother and fetus
115
what is aplastic anemia
results from destruction or inhibition of red bone marrow
116
what is polycythemia
dramatic increase in RBC's
117
inadequate diet is which anemia
iron deficiency anemia
118
what test does fibrinogen degradation product test for
DIC - disseminated intravascular coagulation
119
reduced # of platelets causes what clotting disorder
thrombocytopenia
120
what is leukopenia
malfunction of bone marrow due to immunodeficiency disease (HIV)
121
lack of factor VIII causes what clotting disorder
hemophilia
122
7 hemolytic anemias
- thalassemia
- sickle cell
- hemolytic disease
- transfusion reactions
- toxins and venoms
- autoimmune disorders
- infectious agents
