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MLS > Microbiology > Flashcards

Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

Study of organisms too small to be
seen by the unaided eyes

A

medical microbiology

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2
Q

what are the branches of the microbiology and their study?

A

protozoology - protozoans
mycology - fungi (yeast & mold)
bacteriology - bacteria
rickettsiology - transitional organisms between bacteria and virus
virology - virus

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3
Q

structure of bacteria that protects and give shapes

A

cell wall

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4
Q

structure of bacteria that protects against antibodies

A

outer membrane

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5
Q

structure of bacteria that regulates movements, contains enzymes and important to cellular respiration

A

cell membrane

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6
Q

structure of bacteria that contains DNA, ribosomes and other essential compounds

A

cytoplasm

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7
Q

structure of bacteria that carries genetic information and circular in shape

A

chromosomes

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8
Q

structure of bacteria that site of protein sysnthesis

A

ribosomes

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9
Q

structure of bacteria that protective layer that resist phagocytosis and desiccation

A

capsule

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10
Q

structure of bacteria that it is a hair like structure extending from the cell membrane

A

pili

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11
Q

it has somatic pili for cell adhesion and it is a sex pili for conjugation process

A

neisseria gonorrhea

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12
Q

structure of bacteria that allows bacteria to move

A

flagellum

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13
Q

structure of bacteria that allows bacteria to resist sterilization process

A

spores

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14
Q

it has flagellum

A

trichous

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15
Q

absence of flagellum and non-motile

A

atrichous

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16
Q

one polar flagellum and usually exhibits darting motility

A

monotrichous

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17
Q

single flagellum on both ends

A

amphitrichous

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18
Q

tuft of flagella on either end or both ends of the

A

lophotrichous

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19
Q

flagella all around the organism

A

perotrichous

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20
Q

it has thick peptidoglycan layer that consists of glycan chains of alternating N-acetyl-Dglucosamine & N-acetyl-Dmuramic acid

A

gram positive cell wall (+)

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21
Q

it acts by preventing peptidoglycan synthesis

A

penicilin

22
Q

it has thin peptidoglycan layer that the outer membrane is LPS or lipopolysaccharide

A

gram negative cell wall (-)

23
Q

it is involved in peptidoglycan synthesis & has a high amount of degradative
enzymes & transport proteins

A

periplasmic space

24
Q

it is the hardest bacteria to identify that could be seen in tuberculosis and uses IOI

A

mycobacteria

25
Q

what are factors needed for bacteria in order to grow?

A

oxygen
carbon dioxide
nutrients
temperature
hygdrogen
ion concentration

26
Q

Organisms that require oxygen for
growth and may be obligate, facultative, or microaerophilic

A

aerobes

27
Q

Organisms that grow best in an
atmosphere of reduced oxygen
tension and may also be obligate or
facultative

A

anaerobes

28
Q

microorganisms that thrive in the presence of high concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO 2)

A

capnophiles

29
Q

a classification of bacteria that loves cold, 0-15C

A

psychrophiles

30
Q

a classification of bacteria that has a temperature of 4-25C

A

psychrotrophs

31
Q

a classification of bacteria that grows in humans and it is pathogenic and has a temperature of 20-40C

A

mesophiles

32
Q

a classification of bacteria that love heats, non transmitted and has a temperature of above 50C

A

thermophiles

33
Q

a classification of bacteria that loves increased heat and has a temperature of above 50C

A

hyperthermophiles

34
Q

classification of bacteria based on pH that loves acid and near pH 3.0

A

acidophiles

35
Q

classification of bacteria based on pH that is neutral and pH close to 7.0

A

neutrophiles

36
Q

classification of bacteria based on pH that is alkaline and between a pH 8-10.5

A

alkaliphiles

37
Q

it is the adjusting stage and bacteria are metabolically active but not dividing

A

lag phase

38
Q

it is the time of exponential growth and the nutrients starts to grow

A

exponential phase

39
Q

the growth reaches a plateau as the number of dying cells equals the number of dividing cells

A

stationary phase

40
Q

Exponential decrease in the
number of living cells and the nutrients dare dead

A

death phase

41
Q

it helps in visualizing microorganisms

A

staining

42
Q

Test that provides a clinician with
theraputic guidelines

A

Antimicrobal Susceptibility Test (AST)

43
Q

 Kirby-Bauer method
 Growth inhibition surrounding
antibiotic impregnated discs
 4mm-thick Muller-Hinton agar
(MHA) is standard medium used
 Turbidity of standard inoculum is
compared to 0.5 McFarlard
standard

A

Disk Diffusion Susceptibility Test

44
Q

 Broth dilution susceptibility is
used to determine both Minimal
Inhibitory Concentration &
Minimal Bactericidal
Concentration

A

Broth Dilution Susceptibility Testing

45
Q

the lowest concentration
of antibacterial agent that inhibits
bacterial growth

A

Minimal Inhibitory Concentration

46
Q

the lowest antibiotic concentration that results in 99.9% death of bacterial
population

A

Minimal Bactericidal Concentration

47
Q

drugs that are administered to either kill bacteria or inhibit their growth by preventing reproduction

A

antibiotics

48
Q

[Static] = Steady
 Only inhibit microorganism
growth in vitro

A

bacteriostatic antibiotics

49
Q

[Cidal] = (dead)
 Lethal to standard inocula

A

bactericidal antibiotics

50
Q

INHIBITS ______________ SYNTHESIS

A

cell wall
protein
folic acid
mycolic acid
DNA
RNA

MLS (14 decks)

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