ENDTERM PART 4 Flashcards by Tipayyy Perlaaa

according to WHO how much percent of health care waste are non-hazardous.?

75-90%

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according to WHO how many percent of health care waste are is considered hazardous & may be infectious, toxic, radioactive?

10-25%

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In the Phil, health care waste
__________ are hazardous; _________ are general waste

30.37%
69.63

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Ave of 0.34kg of _______________ & 0.39 kg of are ____________ derived per bed per day

infectious sharps & pathological wastes
general waste

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what are the categories of healthcare waste?

infectious
pathological and anatomical waste
sharps
chemical waste
pharmaceutical waste
radioactive waste
non-hazardous or general waste

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refers to wastes that have not been in contact with infectious or communicable agents, hazardous chemicals, or radioactive substances

non-hazardous of general waste

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are those which may contain pathogens or toxins in sufficient concentration that may
cause disease to susceptible host

infectious

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refers to tissue sections & body fluids or organs derived from surgical procedures, autopsies

pathological and anatomical waste

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refer to items that can cause cuts, pricks or puncture wounds, also most dangerous because they cause both injury & infection

sharps

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refers to discarded
chemicals generated during
disinfection & sterilization procedures. It also includes wastes with high content of heavy metals & their derivatives

chemical waste

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chemical used in laboratories must have ________________ and idenfication code as _______________.

chemical safety data sheet CSDS
hazardous materials identification HMIS

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OSHA hard rating
blue
red
orange
white

health hazard
flammability
physical hazards
personal protection

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0
1
2
3
4

no significant risk
irritation
minor injury
major injury
life threatening

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what are the characteristics of hazardous waste?

explosivity and reactivity
corrosivity
toxicity
ignibility

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Unstable & reacts violently when exposed to chemical change
Releases toxic fumes when mixed with water
Explode under extreme conditions
Capable of detonation & explosive
decomposition at standard temperature

Explosivity & reactivity

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React with heavy metals to produce toxic
contaminates
Corrode steel waste containers & aqueous
substances with pH less than 2 or more
than 12.5

corrosivity

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causes health effect

toxicity

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cause fire

ignibility

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refers to expired, spilt, contaminated pharmaceutical products, drugs & vaccines. Also includes empty vials, medicine bottles, etc

pharmaceutical waste

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Usual hospital radioactive wastes are:
- Cobalt 90 (Co90), iodine 131 I (131 I),
technetium (99 Tc), iridium (192 Ir)

radioactive waste

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refers to wastes that have not been in contact with infectious or communicable agents, hazardous chemicals, or radioactive substances

non-hazardous or general waste

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proper handling of waste

correct segregation
proper storage
capping waste bottles

A core instrument that provides 9 high
level protocols that set out generic
standards to be put into place for the
implementation of an international transit
system

ASEAN Framework Agreement on the
facilitation of Goods in Transit (1998)

“Revised Rules &
Regulations Governing the Registration,
Licensure & Operation of Hospitals & Other
Health Facilities in the Philippines”

DOH AO 70-A s2002

“Amendment to AO 70-A”

DOH AO 2005-0029 s2005

“Revised Rules & Regulations Governing the Licensure & Regulation of Clin Labs in the Phil”

DOH AO 2007-0027 s2007

“Revising DENR AO 29 s 1992, to further Strengthen the Implementation of RA 6969 & Prescribing the Use of Procedural Manual”

DENR AO 36 s2004

“Policies & Guidelines on Effective & Proper Handling, Collection, Transport, Treatment, Storage & Disposal of HCW”

DOH-DENR joint AO 02 s2005

“Guidelines on the Issuance of Certificate of Product Registration for Equipment or Devices Used for Treating Sharps, Pathological & Infectious Wastes”

DOH AO 2007-0014

“ The Phil Clean Air Act of 1999”

RA 8749

“Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000”

RA 9003

“The Phil Clean Water Act of 2004”

RA 9275

“Strengthening the Functions of Laguna Lake Development Authority (LLDA)”

PD 813 (1975) & EO 927 (1983)

“The Code on sanitation of the Phil-Chapter XVII on Sewage Collection & Excreta Disposal (1998)

PD 856

“Providing for the Revision of RA 3931, Commonly known as the Pollution Control Law, & for other Purposes” 1976

PD 984

“Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) System (1978)

PD 1586

“Establishing a Green Procurement Program for all Depts, Bureau offices, & Agencies of the Executive Branch of Government” 2004

EO 301

“Gradual Phase out of Mercury in all Phil Health Care Facilities & Institutions (2008)

DOH AO 2008-0021

“National Policy on Patient Safety”

DOH AO 2008-0023

(Revising the 2007 Health Care Waste Management Manual) * PhilHealth Benchbook for Quality Assurance in Health care (2006)

DOH “Manual on Health Care Waste Management” in 2011

“Inventory, proper disposal , &/or destruction of used vials or bottles” & BFAD Bureau Circular #16 s1999: “Amending BFAD MC #22 (1994), Regarding inventory, proper disposal & or destruction of used vials or bottles”

BFAD Memo Circular 22 s1994

refers to either finding a new application for a used material or using the same product for the same application repeatedly

reusing

refers to the processing of used materials into new products

recycling

waste refers to (1) energy recovery, whereby waste is converted to fuel for generating electricity or for direct heating of premises & (2) as a term used to encompass 3 subsets of waste recovery: recycling, composting, & energy recovery

recovery

Thermal decomposition of health care wastes in the absence of supplied molecular oxygen in the destruction chamber where the said waste is converted into gaseous, liquid, or solid form

pyrolysis

Residues could be greasy aggregates or slugs, recoverable metals, carbon black which can be disposed in land fills

pyrolysis

Is the use of stem sterilization to render waste harmless & is an efficient wet thermal disinfection process

autoclave

Indicators to check the validity of sterilization: color-changing tapes or biological test ampules containing bacterial spores

autoclave

* A technology that typically incorporates some type of size reduction device. * Shredding of wastes is done before disinfection

microwave

in chemical disinfection how much percent is recommended?

5-10% sodium hypochlorite

* Uses an enzyme mixture to decontaminate health care wastes * Suited for large applications & is also being developed for possible use in agriculture

biological processes

Involves the filling of containers with waste, adding & immobilizing material, & sealing the containers

encapsulation

For pharmaceutical waste that involves the mixing of waste with cement & other substances before disposal

inertization

“An Act to Control Substances & Hazardous & Nuclear Wastes” (1990)

RA 6969