ENDTERM PART 2 Flashcards
The set of containment principles, technologies and practices that
are implemented to prevent the
unintentional exposure to
biological agents and toxins, or
their accidental release
Laboratory Biosafety
The set of measures aimed at the
protection, control and
accountability for valuable
biological materials
Laboratory Biosecurity
protection of other valuable
items within laboratories, in
order to prevent their loss, theft, misuse, diversion of, and/or
unauthorized access or
intentional unauthorized release
Laboratory Biosecurity
Actions and control measures
that are put into place to reduce
or eliminate the risks associated
with biological agents and toxins
and other Valuable Laboratory
Material (VLM)
Biorisk Mitigation
Focus is on Laboratory Biorisk
Management
CWA 15793
Offers mechanism where
stakeholders can develop
consensus standards and
requirements in an open access
CWA 15793
Can be applied to international
stakeholders but do not have the
force of regulation while
conformity is voluntary
CWA 15793
Ensure adequate level of
protection in safe transfer, handling, & use of LMOs resulting
from modern biotechnology
Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety (CPB)
- 2003
Procedures on physico-chemical &
biological containment
National Committee on Biosafety of
the Phil (NCBP
Procedures for evaluation of
proposals with biosafety
concerns
National Committee on Biosafety of
the Phil (NCBP
Procedures & guidelines on
the introduction, movement
& field release of regulated
materials
National Committee on Biosafety of
the Phil (NCBP
National Committee on Biosafety of
the Phil (NCBP)
EO 430s 1990
Prescribes the guidelines for
implementation, strengthening the National Committee on Biosafety of
the Phi
National Biosafety Framework (NBF)
A combination of policy,
legal, administrative, &
technical instruments
developed to attain the
objective of the Cartagena
Protocol on Biosafety
National Biosafety Framework (NBF)
Considered as expansion of
NCBP
National Biosafety Framework (NBF)
National Biosafety Framework (NBF)
EO 514s 2006
DOH with NCBP formulated
guidelines in the assessment of
the impacts on health posed by
modern biotechnology and its
applications
AD 8 by Dept of Agriculture
To set policies on the importation
& release of plants & plant products derived from modern
biotechnology
AD 8 by Dept of Agriculture
The guidelines aid in evaluating &
monitoring processed food
derived from or containing GMO
AD 8 by Dept of Agriculture
Requires laboratories to ensure
guidelines on policy on
laboratory biosafety &
biosecurity
DOH AO 2007 - 0027
Promotes biosafety as scientific
discipline & provides guidance to
its members on the regulatory
regime present in North America
American Biological Safety
Association (ABSA) - 1984
To directly contribute to the
development of the best
biosafety practices
Asia-Pacific Biosafety Association
(A-PBA) - 2005
Aims to provide a forum for
discussions & debates on issues
of concern & to represent those
working in the field of biosafety
European Biological Safety
Association (EBSA) - 1996
Created by the health &
education sectors & executive,
legislative, & judicial branches of
the govt
Phil Biosafety & Biosecurity
Association (PhBBA)
Assisted DA & DOH to create a
national policy & implement plan
for laboratory biosafety &
biosecurity
Phil Biosafety & Biosecurity
Association (PhBBA)
Works to serve the emergent
concerns of biological risk
management in various
professional fields
Biological Risk Association Phil (BRAP)
Includes microorganisms that are
unlikely to cause human or
animal disease
Risk Group 1
They bring about low individual &
community risk
Risk Group 1
Includes microorganisms that are
unlikely to be significant risk to
laboratory workers & the
community, livestock or the
environment
Risk Group 2
Lab exposure may cause infection, however, effective treatment &
preventive measures are
available while the risk of spread
is limited
Risk Group 2
Brings moderate individual risk &
limited community risk
Risk Group 2
Includes microorganisms that are
known to cause serious diseases
to humans or animals and may
present a significant risk to
laboratory workers
Risk Group 3
There are effective preventive
measures or treatment
Risk Group 3
Bring high individual risk &
limited to moderate community
risk
Risk Group 3
Includes microorganisms that are
known to produce life threatening
diseases to humans or animals
Risk Group 4
Represents a significant risk to
laboratory workers & be may be
readily transmissible from one
individual to another while
effective treatment & preventive
measures are not usually
available
Risk Group 4
Bring high individual &
community risk
Risk Group 4
Suitable for work involving viable
microorganisms that are defined
and with well-characterized
strains known not to cause
disease in human
Biosafety Level 1 (BSL -1)
Ex. B. Subtilis, Naegleria gruberi
Biosafety Level 1 (BSL -1)
Designed for labs that deal with
indigenous moderate-risk agents
present in the community
Biosafety Level 2 (BSL - 2
Ex. Hepa B, HIV, Salmonellae, Toxoplasma species
Biosafety Level 2 (BSL - 2
Appropriate when work is done
with human blood & fluids, tissues, or primary human cell
lines where there uncertain
presence of infectious agents
Biosafety Level 2 (BSL - 2
Hand washing and waste
decontamination facilities must
be available & access to the lab
must be restricted when work is
being conducted
Biosafety Level 2 (BSL - 2
When expecting aerosols or
splashes, use biosafety cabinet
Biosafety Level 2 (BSL - 2
Required for work with
dangerous & exotic agents that
pose high individual risks of life
threatening diseases that maybe
transmitted via aerosol route, for which there are no available vaccines or treatment
Biosafety Level 4 (BSL - 4)
There must be special safety
equipment & practices when
working with organisms like
Marburg or the Crimean-Congo
hemorrhagic fever
Biosafety Level 4 (BSL - 4)
Lab worker should work using
class III biosafety cabinet or in a
full body, air-supplied positive
pressure personnel suit
Biosafety Level 4 (BSL - 4)
This lab is a separate building or
completely isolated with
specialized ventilation
requirements & waste
management systems
Biosafety Level 4 (BSL - 4)
Specifications for the design and
structure of the laboratory such
as sealability for fumigation, materials for bench tops and
observation window
Containment level describes
Requirements for equipment
such as autoclaves and
microbiological safety cabinet
Containment level describes
Management standards such as
disinfection policies and access
control
Containment level describes
It refers to preventive
measures to minimize or prevent
acquisition of infections from a
healthcare setting
Infection control
Can be classified into contact
precaution, airborne precaution, droplets
Infection control
Respiratory infection involves the
wearing respiratory protective gear, masks
Airborne and droplet precautions
Eye protection like safety glasses or
goggles
Airborne and droplet precautions
Use of a 0.5% chlorine solution to
reduce the number of pathogenic
organisms on the device
Decontamination
Use of soap & water to remove
all visible dust, soil, blood, or
other body fluids
cleaning
Use of disinfectant to destroy
pathogenic organisms (may not
eliminate resistant organisms)
Low-level disinfection
Use of disinfectant to destroy
pathogens (eliminates most
organisms)
Intermediate-level disinfection
se of chemical disinfectants, boiling, steaming
High-level disinfection
Use of high pressure steam, dry
oven, chemical sterilant, radiation
Sterilization
Use of multi-step procedure:
meticulous cleaning, high-level
disinfection, proper drying
Reprocessing
Unlikely to cause disease
Hazard group 1
Can cause human disease
May be a hazard to employees
Unlikely to spread to the community
Usually effective prophylaxis or
treatment available
Hazard group 2
Can cause severe human disease
May be a serious hazard to employees
May spread to the community
Usually effective prophylaxis or
treatment available
Hazard group 3
Causes severe human disease
Serious hazard to employees
Likely to spread to the community
Usually no effective prophylaxis or
treatment available
Hazard group 4
puts emphasis on primary & secondary
barriers in the protection of
personnel, community, &
environment from infectious aerosol
exposure.
Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3)
Ex M. tuberculosis ; all
lab activities are performed in a
biosafety cabinet; there is a need
for secondary barrier; personnel
must be supervised by scientists
Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3)
the Comite’ Europeen de
Normalisation published the CEN
Workshop Agreement 15793 (CWA
15793
Feb 2008
published to include information on the
different levels of containment laboratories, different types of biological safety cabinets, good microbiological techniques, & how to
disinfect & sterilize equipment.
Laboratory Biosafety Manual 3rd
edition (WHO)- 1983
In terms of biosecurity, it covers the packaging required by international transport regulations & other types of safety procedures for chemical, electrical, ionizing radiation, & fire hazards
Laboratory Biosafety Manual 3rd
edition (WHO)- 1983
