Microbiology

Question 1

What are samples that we can use to look at organism

Answer 1

Blood 
CSF
Fluid 
Swabs 
Line tops 
Tissues 
Urine

Question 2

What stain is used to identify positive and negaitve gram bacteria

Answer 2

Gram stains

Question 3

How is gram stain carried out

Answer 3

1. Add cystal violet
2. Add iodine
3. Add alcohol
4. Add sacranin

Question 4

What colour does gram positive stain

Answer 4

Purple

Question 5

Why is gram positive bacteria purple

Answer 5

They retain cystal violet due to their thick peptidocyglan cell wall

Question 6

What do we further classify gram positive into

Answer 6

Cocci

Baccili (rods)

Question 7

What are examles of gram positive cocci

Answer 7

Staphylococcus
Steptococcus
Enterococcus

Question 8

What colour does gram negative bacteria stain

Answer 8

Pink

Question 9

Why does gram negative stain pink

Answer 9

They have a thin peptidocyglan wall so crystal violet washes out

Question 10

What is gram negative further classed into

Answer 10

Cocci

Bacilli (rods)

Question 11

What are the 2 main types of staphyloccoccues

Answer 11

Staphylococcus aureus

Staphyloccoccues epidermidis

Question 12

What is the difference between staphylococcus aureus and epidermidis

Answer 12

Staphylococcus aureus is coagulase positive

Staphyloccocus epidermidis is coagulase negative

Question 13

Where does staphylococcus auerues tend to live on

Answer 13

Skin

Question 14

What are 3 examples of streptococcus

Answer 14

Streptococcus pnuemonia
Beta haemolytic steptococci
Viridans streptococci

Question 15

What type of infection streptococcus species cause

Answer 15

Pnuemonia
Skin and soft tissue infection
Endocarditis
Abscess: liver and dental

Question 16

What are the 3 types of enterococcus

Answer 16

Enterococus faecalis

Enterococcus faecium

Question 17

Which type of enteroccus can be treated with amoxicillin

Answer 17

Enterococcus faecalis

Question 18

Which type of enterococcus is resistant to amoxicillin

Answer 18

Enteroccoccus faecium

Question 19

What type of infection can enterococcus cause

Answer 19

Endocarditis

Intra abdominal infections

Question 20

What are the organims of gram positive bacilli

Answer 20

(ABCDL)
Actinomyces 
Bacillus cereus/ bacillus anthracis 
Corynebacterium diptheria 
Listeria monocyogenes

Question 21

What are the examples of gram negative cocci

Answer 21

Neisseria meningitidis
Neirserria gonorhhea
Moraxella carrhalis

Question 22

What infections do gram negative cocci cause

Answer 22

Menigitis
GU infections
Pneumonia

Question 23

Where does gram negative bacilli affect

Answer 23

Below the diaphragm

Question 24

What are examples of organism of gram negative bacilli (rods)

Answer 24

E.coli
Klebisella pnuemonia
Proteus mirabilis

Question 25

What type of infection does gram negative bacilli cause

Answer 25

Urosepsis Gi infections Intra abdominal abscessess

Question 26

What are anarebes sensitive to

Answer 26

Metronidazole

Question 27

What stain do we use to to indentidy mycobacteria e.g mycobacterium tb

Answer 27

Ziehl neelsen stain

Question 28

Where does mycobacterium tuberculosis mainly affect

Answer 28

Lungs | Lymph nodes

Question 29

What is the treatment for myocbacterium tuberculosis

Answer 29

``` 6 months of RIPE Ripamicin Isoniazid Pyrazinamide Ethambutol ```

Question 30

What can non tuberculosis myobacterium cause infection in

Answer 30

Immunocompromised Prostthetic material Bronchiectasis

Question 31

What are viruses classed into

Answer 31

RNA virus | DNA virus

Question 32

What are the types HSV virus

Answer 32

HSV1- caused oral infection | HSV2- causes genital infecitons

Question 33

What is HSV treated by

Answer 33

Aciclovir

Question 34

What are the types of influenza

Answer 34

Influenza a | Influenza b

Question 35

What is the treatment of influenza

Answer 35

Tamiflu