Micro 2 Flashcards
What is a receptive host
Give an example
A receptive host is the person that is susceptible to a infection
For example someone who is not vaccinated against COVID 19 or Rougiol
This can be influenced by vaccination status sexual status age immunodeficiency medication etc
define what is reservoir of infection
A reservoir is who exactly has the microbes
It can be people animals food objects water etc
Describe the difference between pathogenicity and virulance
Pathogenicity:
Their capacity to infect a person. Example, majority of people that catch a Streptococcus pyogenes will have a throat issue. VS., Streptococcus viridans we all have it and it’s rare that it causes an illness.
Virulence:
Capacity to cause terrible diseases. Like mangeuse de chair. Insane pain, needs surgery. Si elle n’est pas traitée rapidement, elle peut entraîner une amputation
What is the infectious dose
It is the amount of pathogen that you need in order to cause symptoms
Deux bactéries, Salmonella et Escherichia coli, peuvent causer la diarrhée.
You need little shigella and a lot of Salmonella
What is the main disease caused by C difficile
C difficile donne une diarrhée Assez (C) Difficile
What are the two types of transmission
Direct which includes kissing or sexual transmission
Indirect which means through objects that someone touched etc
Describe gouttelette vs air transmission
Goutteletes are macromicrobes that are large and heavy: coughing, sneezing, talking. They fall in front (3-6 feet)
air transmission: They fly in the air and can travel to infect anyone in the room.
What is a vehicule of transmission?
, a contaminated food, contaminated drug
Describe the concept of vertical transmission
A transmission of a pathogen from the mother to his baby either during pregnancy or birth
Define the difference between sporadic infection and endemic infection
Infection sporadique : infection qui apparait occasionnellement et par cas isolé -> very rare -> need to alert sante quebec (like mangeuse de chair)
Infection endémique : infection qui est continuellement présente dans une population donné -> just another day at the office no need to worry
Describe the difference between an epidemi and an enclosure
Épidémie: A higher number of infections in a population say in Quebec to a degree of higher than predicted
Éclosion : Similarly a higher number of infections than predicted but much more locally say in a hospital or a health unity
Define what a pandemic is
A pandemic is an epidemic that occurs at the global level
An example includes influenza and Covid19
What is a zoonose
Zoonose : A zoonose, also known as a zoonotic disease, is an infectious disease that can be transmitted from non-human animals, usually vertebrates, to humans
Some examples of zoonotic diseases include Ebola, salmonellosis, and even COVID-19
What is the difference between a community infection versus nosocomial infection
Infection communautaire est une infection sans lien avec les soins de santé
No relation to the health care system for example the patient came with an appendicitis and it’s not related to the hygiene of the hospital
Infection nosocomiale est une infection en lien avec des soins de santé
Someone that gets diarrhea because they stayed in a hospital and then there is C difficile eclosion
What is an opportunistic infection
It is an infection that is otherwise non problematic in healthy people but can be damaging when someone is undergoing a time where their immune system is severely weakened
