Mi - Global Health & Brain Worms

Question 1

what bug causes brain worms

Answer 1

tinea solium

Question 2

what is a brain infection with tinea solium called

Answer 2

(tinea solium) cysterocosis

Question 3

what does CT head show in cysterocosis

Answer 3

calcified spots through brain
cystic lesion with normal brain architecture

Question 4

why is the gross brain architecture normal in cysterocosis

Answer 4

its very slow growing so doesn’t compress anything else

Question 5

tinea solium is the most common cause of adult onset ____ worldwide

Answer 5

epilepsy

Question 6

how do you get tinea solium cysterocosis

Answer 6

ingesting infected human faeces (usually by eating pork where the pig has feasted on infected human faeces)

Question 7

which animal is infected by tinea solium

Answer 7

pigs (the pork has tapeworm larvae in)

Question 8

what is taeniasis

Answer 8

tapeworm

Question 9

which animal gets the cystic form of tinea solium and how does it affect them

Answer 9

pigs - affects CNS and get cysts all over body

Question 10

how do the cysts evade the body’s immune system (4)

Answer 10

sequestration
fibrous encapsulation
molecular mimicry
modulation of host immunity

Question 11

what causes the sx in cysterocosis

Answer 11

cyst degeneration

Question 12

what is cysterocosis associated with

Answer 12

eosinophilic cellular influx

Question 13

Mx of cysterocosis

Answer 13

anticonvulsants
albendazole and steroids

Question 14

why are steroids given with abendazole for Mx of cysterocosis

Answer 14

prevent cerebral oedema

Question 15

how is cysterocosis prevented

Answer 15

stopping pigs eating human faeces
hand hygiene / meat hygiene etc

Question 16

what is the biggest driver of TB mortality / morbidity

Answer 16

poverty –> undernourishment

Question 17

other drivers of TB mortality / morbidity

Answer 17

smoking
HIV

Question 18

how is the most effective TB tx regime delivered

Answer 18

it is OBSERVED in clinics

Question 19

completion rate of the observed TB Tx regime

Answer 19

56%

Question 20

what % of complete Tx rates would lower the incidence of TB

Answer 20

90%

Question 21

why is multi drug resistant TB adherence rates lower

Answer 21

it involves IM injections which is more invasive