Ha - EFA Haem Flashcards
what electrolyte imbalance causes confusion in liver failure
hyperammonaemia
high BR, high ALT, high lactate, low Hb. Dx?
acquired haemolytic anaemia
which condition has peripheral blood film spherocytes:
- DAT + hereditary spherocytosis
- folate def anaemia
- G6PD def
- DAT+ AI haemolytic anaemia
DAt+ AI HA
first line Tx for symptomatic AI HA
prednisolone
DAT+ acquired HA may be seen in association with which other condition?
CLL
lymphoma
which conditio ndoes not have bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy
- acute EBV
- follicular NHL
- MM
- HIV
MM
what condition does not have a widened mediastinum
- teratoma
- thymoma
- HL
- B cell acute ALL
- B cell NHL
B cell ALL
what is the cure rate of chemo for HL stage 1A
80%
splenomegaly, generalised lymphadenopathy with high WCC. Dx?
CLL
35F with malar rash. Dx
SLE
what blood abnormality is seen in GVHD
pancytopenia
what blood abnormality is seen in obstructive jaundice
ALP and BR ++ high
ALT high
what blood abnormality is seen in hep E
high ALT and BR
transaminitis
what blood abnormality is seen in pernicious anaemia
low Hb
high BR
high MCV
is microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia acquired or inherited
inherited
what RBCs are in microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia
fragments of RBCs
what RBCs are seen in folate def anaemia
macrocytes
what 2 conditions have hereditary spherocytosis
AI HA
hereditary spherocytosis
what RBCs do you get in G6PD def
ghost cells
mechanisms of acquired spherocyte production
Ig binds to RBC membrane
when RBC passes through spleen, the IG is recognised and damages the membrane
as the membrane is damaged, it rejoins and forms a smaller membrane with the same intracellular amount, thus making it spherical
why is transfusion not suitable for AI HA 1st line
bcos it is primarily an AI condition, so giving blood replacement won’t solve the issue - the new cells will just get haemolysed
29M bilateral lymphadenopathy.DDx?
acute EBV
follicular NHL
acute HIV
TB
does MM ever have lymphadenopathy?
no
who gets nodular sclerosing HL
young women
what PC do nodular sclerosing HL have
widened mediastinal mass
what is seen on biopsy of HL
reed steinberg cells
how is HL staged
PET CT then Ann Arbour
describe Ann Arbour stages
1 = single LN
2 = multiple LN one side of diaphragm
3 = LN above and below diaphragm
4 = mets beyond lymphatics (liver / BM)
A = no B Sx
B = B Sx
Tx of Ann Arbour 1A HL
chemo
radio 2nd line
which HL can you monitor watch and wait
CLL
SLL
follicular
does chemo for HL affect fertility
modern - no
old chemo- yes, makes them infertile
why is PET CT done after chemo in HL
to check for remission
which has a higher WCC - leukaemia or lymphoma
leukaemia
