C - Lipid Metabolism (E) Flashcards
4 types of primary hypercholesterolaemia
Familial hypercholesteraemia (type II)
Polygenic hypercholesteraemia
Familial hyperαlipoproteinaemia
Phytosterolaemia
2 types of familial hypercholesterolaemia
AD: LDLR, apoB, PCSK9
AR: LDLRAP1
What is Familial hyperαlipoproteinaemia
CETP deficiency
What is Phytosterolaemia
ABC G5 & G8
3 types of Primary Hypertriglyceridaemia
Familial type 1, IV and V
What is familial primary hypertryglyceridaemia type 1
Lipoprotein lipase or apoC IIdef
What is familial primary hypertryglyceridaemia type IV
apoA V def (sometimes)
What is familial primary hypertryglyceridaemia type V
↑synthesis of TG
3 types of Primary Mixed Hyperlipidaemia
Familial Combined hyperlipidaemia
Familial dysβlipoproteinaemia
Familial hepatic lipase deficiency
4 types of Hypolipidaemia
Aβ-lipoproteinaemia
Hypoβ-lipoproteinaemia
Tangier Disease
Hypoα-lipoproteinaemia
what is Aβ-lipoproteinaemia
MTP def
What is Hypoβ-lipoproteinaemia
Truncated apoB protein
What is Tangier Disease
HDL def
What is Hypoα-lipoproteinaemia
apoA-I mutations (sometimes)
order of density of cholesterol proteins
Chylomicron < FFA < VLDL < IDL < LDL < HDL
What is PCSK9
binds LDLR and promotes its degradation
how do statins work
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor
Reduces intrinsic synthesis of cholesterol in the liver
side effects of statins
myopathy/rhabdomyolysis, fatigue
Mx of obesity
Reduced calories with exercise
No medication has been safely proven to provide sustained weight loss
Orlistat (A gut lipase inhibitor)
Bariatric surgery
indications for bariatric surgery
BMI >40 or >35 with a
comorbidity associated with obesity
side effects of orlistat
profound flatus and diarrhoea
