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MGMT 363 > MGMT Exam 2 - FLASHCARDS - Chapter 16 > Flashcards

MGMT Exam 2 - FLASHCARDS - Chapter 16

1
Q

What is the major way of communicating organizational culture to its workforce?

A

through observable artifacts

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2
Q

To promote a culture of hygiene awareness in a nursing home, all nursing staff, housekeepers, and food handlers wear buttons on their uniforms reading, “Ask me if I’ve washed my hands.” These buttons would best describe which observable artifact of the nursing home’s culture?

A

Symbols

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3
Q

A corporate slogan is one way organizations use ______ to express corporate values.

A

Language

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4
Q

From which source do employees learn about most important aspects of organizational culture?

A

fellow employees

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5
Q

The uniforms worn by employees or an organization’s dress code represent which type of observable artifact of the organization’s culture?

A

Symbols

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6
Q

Starbucks refers to its workers as “partners.” Target calls its customers “guests” and its employees “team members. “ These are examples of how _____ is used to express organizational culture.

A

Language

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7
Q

Lockheed Martin’s slogan is, “We never forget who we’re working for.” This slogan is an example of which of the following observable artifacts that create and reinforce organizational culture?

A

Language

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8
Q

What are observable artifacts?

A

manifestations of an organization’s culture, such as symbols, physical structures, language, and rituals

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9
Q

What are espoused values?

A

Beliefs, philosophies, and norms explicitly stated by an organization

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10
Q

What are underlying assumptions?

A

Taken-for-granted beliefs and philosophies that are ingrained in employees

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11
Q

Planned activities that an organization tends to conduct in front of an audience of organizational members are

A

Ceremonies

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12
Q

A mission statement that lays out an organization’s central principles is an example of ______, a component of organizational culture.

A

Espoused values

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13
Q

What are examples of observable artifacts?

A

Symbols, physical structures, language, stories, rituals, and ceremonies

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14
Q

Every day at the same time, the team at Kaymoz Electronics holds a 10-minute stand-up meeting to bring everyone up to date on project status. This stand-up meeting is an example of how ______ are used to reinforce its punctual and energetic organizational culture.

A

Rituals

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15
Q

A large oil and gas company publicly states that it is a “green” company, despite several oil spills and refinery explosions due to poor maintenance. This is an example of a(n)

A

espoused value that differs from an enacted value.

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16
Q

______ are the beliefs, philosophies, and norms that a company explicitly states.

A

Espoused values

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17
Q

True or false: An organization’s espoused values are the same as its enacted values?

A

False. Espoused values are publicly stated by organization leaders. Enacted values are the ways in which employees consistently act, which may or may not be the same as the organization’s espoused values.

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18
Q

A networked culture, in which workers are friendly but work tasks are not interdependent and employees tend to “do their own thing” would be categorized as ______ in sociability and ______ in solidarity?

A

High; low

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19
Q

What is sociability?

A

How friendly employees are to each other

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20
Q

What is solidarity?

A

Degree to which group members think and act alike

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21
Q

A large oil and gas company publicly states that it is a “green” company, despite several oil spills and refinery explosions due to poor maintenance. This is an example of a(n)

A

espoused value that differs from an enacted value.

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22
Q

On its website, L.L. Bean states its golden rule: “Sell good merchandise at a reasonable profit, treat your customers like human beings, and they will always come back for more.” This golden rule is an example of L.L. Bean’s

A

Espoused values

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23
Q

What is a specific culture type focused on the safety of employees?

A

Safety culture

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24
Q

What is a specific culture type focused on fostering or taking advantage of a diverse group of employees?

A

Diversity culture

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25
Q

What is a specific culture type focused on promoting sustainability both inside and outside of the organization?

A

Sustainability culture

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26
Q

What is a specific culture type focused on fostering a creative atmosphere?

A

Creativity culture

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27
Q

What is a specific culture type focused on service quality?

A

Customer service culture

28
Q

A company’s website states, “By embracing an inclusive culture that supports diverse talent, our employees are able to collaborate successfully and compete effectively in the global marketplace.” Based upon this statement, which type of culture does the company have?

A

Diversity culture

29
Q

Ads by Patagonia often ask consumer to purchase product only if they really need them. These exemplify an approach by Patagonia that goes beyond simple profits and reflect what?

A

Sales responsibility goals

30
Q

A printing firm has signs posted in numerous places in the shop that read, “Is it good enough? Ask the customer.” It also sends out questionnaires to all customers about the quality of its service and posts those results for everyone to see. Based upon this information, what type of culture does this printing firm have?

A

Customer service culture

31
Q

In the design engineering department at Jokhari Designs, a sign reads, “Anyone who has never made a mistake has never tried anything new.” It would appear that Jokhari has a ______ culture.

A

Creativity

32
Q

Employees at ABA Engineering have a clear understanding and agreement about the way things are supposed to happen in the organization, and their behaviors are consistent with those expectations. It would appear that ABA Engineering has a high level of

A

Culture strength

33
Q

Union Bank’s website states that it “fosters a respectful and inclusive culture that appreciates all the ways our employees, customers, vendors, and community partners are both similar and different.” Based upon this statement, which type of culture does Union Bank foster?

A

Diversity culture

34
Q

The manager of the software engineering department at a company allows his employees to choose their own work hours, as long as they get their projects done on time. The engineers tend to keep to themselves and many work strange hours, coming in late at night and then leaving mid-morning, Yet the goals of the department are closely aligned with those of the company as a whole. This would describe a ______ within the organization.

A

Subculture

35
Q

A major proposition of ______ is that potential employees are attracted to an organization that has an organizational culture aligned with their personality.

A

The ASA framework

36
Q

What is a fragmented culture?

A

An organizational culture type in which employees are distant and disconnected from one another.

37
Q

What is a communal culture?

A

An organizational culture type in which employees are friendly to one another and all think alike.

38
Q

What is a mercenary culture?

A

An organizational culture type in which employees think alike but are not friendly to one another.

39
Q

What is a networked culture?

A

An organizational culture type in which employees are friendly to one another, but everyone thinks differently and does their own thing.

40
Q

What type of culture has high sociability and high solidarity?

A

Communal

41
Q

What type of culture has high sociability but low solidarity?

A

Networked

42
Q

What type of culture has low sociability and low solidarity?

A

Fragmented

43
Q

What type of culture has low sociability but high solidarity?

A

Mercenary

44
Q

At the prescription eyewear company Warby Parker, employees enjoy a schedule of social events and simply like being together. The founders built the company to be customer-focused rather than investor-driven, a mission that the employees live by in their daily work. What type of culture is this?

A

Communal

45
Q

Government offices are known for a lack of direction and mission, with decision making without involvement of employees; despite this, many office climates have friendships and positive relationships. What type of culture is this?

A

Networked

46
Q

In the past, General Motors was considered to operate with their separate divisions competing for resources and blaming each other for problems at the company. Lawyers and engineers were at war to the point that some said no one even remembered they were there to build cars. What type of culture is this?

A

Fragmented

47
Q

Top management at Enron, the disgraced energy and commodities company, was singularly focused on the mission to make as much money as possible at any cost, but the toxic culture within the company was clearly one of people who fought and only looked out for themselves. What type of culture is this?

A

Mercenary

48
Q

To encourage innovation, Abels Electronics has a generous patent reward system. Employees are paid $500 when an invention is submitted to the Patent Office as a patent application, and up to $5,000 when the patent is issued. It would appear that Abels Electronics has a ______ culture.

A

Creativity

49
Q

Which of the following are advantages of a strong culture?

flexibility in changing employee attitudes

the ability to differentiate the organization from others

creating stability within the organization

facilitating desired behaviors among employees

A

the ability to differentiate the organization from others

creating stability within the organization

facilitating desired behaviors among employees

50
Q

The process by which individuals learn the values, expected behaviors, and social knowledge needed for their roles in the organization is referred to as

A

socialization

51
Q

What is defined as a group of people within an organization whose values, norms, and behavior clash with those of the dominant culture?

A

Counterculture

52
Q

The components of the ASA framework are attraction, selection, and

A

Attrition

53
Q

What is a stage of socialization that begins as soon as a potential employee develops an image of what it would be like to work for a company?

A

Anticipatory stage

54
Q

What is a stage of socialization beginning the day an employee starts work, during which the employee compares the information as an outsider to the information learned as an insider?

A

Encounter stage

55
Q

What is the final stage of socialization, during which newcomers come to learn the content areas of socialization and internalize the norms and expected behaviors of the organization?

A

Understanding and adaption

56
Q

Jolene is graduating from college soon and has begun to investigate companies for which she may want to work. She is especially interested in the recruiting videos posted on YouTube by companies like Google, Microsoft, and Apple. Jolene is in which stage of the organizational socialization process?

A

anticipatory

57
Q

_______ is the gradual process by which employees adapt to the culture of an organization.

A

Socialization

58
Q

The stress that results when employees perceive discrepancies between their preemployment expectations and the on-the-job experience is known as _____ shock.

A

reality

59
Q

Sarah had a rocky beginning with the company, but she has finally become an “insider.” She has become adept at the functions of her job and gets along well with her coworkers. Sarah is in the ______ stage of organizational socialization.

A

understanding and adaptation

60
Q

What is culture strength?

A

The degree to which employees agree about how things should happen within the organization and behave accordingly.

61
Q

Are strong cultures always good?

A

No

62
Q

What are the pros of a strong culture?

A
  1. Differentiates the organization from others. 2. Allows employees to identify themselves. 3. Facilitates desired behaviors among employees. 4. Creates stability within the organization
63
Q

What are the cons of a strong culture?

A
  1. Makes merging with other organizations more difficult. 2. Attracts similar type of employees. 3. Creates extreme behaviors between employees. 4. Makes adapting to the environment more difficult
64
Q

How can you change organizational culture?

A

Changes in leadership and merging companies with different cultures

65
Q

How is organizational culture correlated with organizational commitment?

A

High positive correlation

66
Q

How is organizational culture correlated with job performance?

A

Positive correlation

MGMT 363 (12 decks)

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