Management 363 Exam 1 - FLASHCARDS - Chapter 5
What is stress?
A psychological response to demands where
there is something at stake and where coping
with the demands taxes or exceeds a person’s
capacity or resources
A _____ is an event, experience, or other stimulus that causes an individual to feel stress and can result in strain.
Stressor
People consider ______ job demands less stressful.
Benign
What are stressors that tend to be appraised as thwarting progress toward growth and achievement?
Hinderance
What hinderance stressor is when others have conflicting expectations of what an individual needs to do?
Role conflict
What hinderance stressor is when an individual has a lack of direction and information about what needs to be done?
Role ambiguity
What hinderance stressor is when an employee has too many demands to work effectively?
Role overload
What hinderance stressor is minor day-to-day demands that interfere with work accomplishment?
Daily hassles
What are stressors that tend to be appraised as opportunities for growth and achievement?
Challenge stressors
The transactional theory of stress attempts to explain stress in terms of three components: perception, ______, and response.
Appraisal
Rakeesha believes in making every moment count. In addition to owning a successful business, she is busy coaching her daughter’s Little League team and volunteering at her mom’s senior center. What type of challenge stressor best describes Rakeesha’s experience?
Family time demands
What is the term for the amount of obligations a worker has regarding others?
Work responsibility
After being fired from his job, Ben reappraised the situation and decided that, considering how stressful his job had been, he is glad to be out of that “pressure-cooker” environment. This is a form of ______-focused coping.
Emotion
What are examples of nonwork hinderances?
Work-family conflict, negative life events, and financial uncertainty
What are examples of work hinderances?
Role conflict, role ambiguity, role overload, and daily hassles
What are examples of nonwork challenges?
Family time demands, personal development, positive life events
What are examples of work challenges?
Time pressure, work complexity, work responsibility
What is the term for the actions and beliefs people use to face stress and the emotions caused by stress?
Coping
What is one major factor people consider when choosing coping strategies?
whether they believe the strategies have a good chance to succeed
What is cognitive emotion focused coping?
Avoiding, distancing, and ignoring, looking for the positive in the negative, reappraising
What is cognitive problem focused coping?
Strategizing, self-motivation, changing priorities
What is behavioral emotion focused coping?
Engaging in alternative activities, seeking support, venting anger.
What is behavioral problem focused coping?
Working harder, seeking help, acquiring additional resources
Iris gets stressed out when she shops at a crowded supermarket, so she changes her schedule to shop early in the morning when the store isn’t as busy. Iris is using ______ focused coping to deal with the stressor
Problem
After his company announced that it plans to cut 30% of the workforce within the next 90 days, Deon begins to experience chronic headaches and insomnia. These are ______ strains caused by stressors
Psycological
What are psychological strains that result from stressors?
Irritability, depression
Emilie has worked as an animal control officer at the county animal shelter for years and the constant stress has finally caught up with her. She is continually exhausted and has reached the point where she doesn’t care about her job and is disillusioned with everything. Emilie is experiencing what?
Burnout
Workplace interruptions are most similar to _________ and would be classified as _________ stressors.
Daily hassles; work hinderance
What is behavioral coping?
Physical activities used to deal with a stressful situation
What is cognitive coping?
Thoughts used to deal with a stressful situation
One way to prevent work interruptions is to set aside quiet time with a “do not disturb” note on your office or cubicle door. This method of coping would be classified as
Cognitive problem focused
Emma could simply avoid the issue and keep going with the status quo. This method of coping would be classified as
Cognitive emotion focused
Emma could rely on you as an outlet to vent her frustrations. This method of coping would be classified as
Behavioral emotion focused
Emma could work longer hours. This method of coping would be classified as
Behavioral problem focused
Emma could create a detailed plan on how to meet all of the demands. This method of coping would be classified as
Cognitive problem focused
Emma could spend more time with her family and in her community efforts instead. This method of coping would be classified as
Behavioral emotion focused
Emma could ask for help from her supervisors. This method of coping would be classified as
Behavioral problem focused
Emma could give herself a pep talk focused on how she can meet all the demands. This method of coping would be classified as
Cognitive problem focused
Emma could try to alter her perspective and convince herself that this isn’t so bad. This method of coping would be classified as
Cognitive emotion focused
Ted has always been a hard-driving, competitive individual. He talks fast, walks fast, eats fast, and gets angry fast. Ted would likely be described as exhibiting the _____ behavior pattern?
Type A
Dester’s company announced that it would be cutting 30% of the workforce by the end of the quarter. Since then, Dester has been depressed and anxious. Dester is suffering ______ strains as a result of this employment situation.
Psycological
What behaviors are exhibited by someone with a type A pattern?
Hard driving and competitive, constant sense of urgency, gets angry easily
How do hindrance stressors affect job performance?
They create negative feelings about the job
According to research, employees who experience higher levels of ______ stressors tend to have higher levels of organizational commitment
Challenge
A college offers faculty members a semester’s paid leave if they wish to participate in a volunteer abroad program or volunteer at a non-profit organization. What is the term for this type of leave?
sabbatical
Louisa sees a classmate struggling to make a chart in Excel for a class project. She says, “I found an easy way to do that. Would you like me to show you?” Louisa is offering ______ support to the classmate.
Instrumental
Hospitals may offer stress management programs for its employees to help them recognize sources of stress and teach them stress-reduction skills. What is the name for this type of program?
Training intervention
What is the term for the phenomenon in which workers are on the job but are not fully functioning due to illness or other medical conditions?
Presenteeism
What are examples of supportive practices that help employees manage and balance their role demands?
compressed workweeks
telecommuting
flextime
What are examples of organizational practices designed to reduce strains on employees?
Employee assistance programs
Health and wellness programs
What are examples of physiological strains?
High blood pressure,
What are the types of support for someone with stress?
Instrumental, emotional
How do hinderance stressors relate to job performance and organizational commitment?
Hindrance stressors have a weak negative relationship with Job performance and a strong negative relationship with Organizational Commitment.
How do challenge stressors relate to job performance and organizational commitment?
Challenge stressors have a weak positive relationship with job performance and a moderate positive relationship with Organizational commitment.
How do organizations manage stress?
assessment,
reducing stressors
providing resources
reducing strains
