Methods of presenting practise Flashcards
Whole practise (Definition):
Practising the skill in its entirity.
Which type of practise involves performing the skill in its entirety without breaking it into sub-routines?
Whole practise.
Whole-part-whole practise (Definition):
Assessing the skill, identifying a weakness to practise, then putting the skill back together.
Progressive part practise (Definition):
Practising the first part of the skill then adding parts gradually, sometimes called chaining.
Chaining (Definition):
Linking sub-routines, or parts of a task, together in order when practising. The first two parts are learned, then the third part is added; that part is learned and added to the first two, and so on.
Massed practise (Definition):
Practise with no rest intervals.
Distributed practise (Definition):
Practise involving rest intervals.
Mental practise (Definition):
Going over the skill in the mind without movement.
Varied practise (Definition):
Changing the practise type and the practise drills.
Which practise method is best for a golf swing? explain why
Whole practise because a golf swing is a ballistic movement.
Which method of practise is best for fast, ballistic movements?
Whole practise as skills are hard to break down.
Which method of practise is best used for high organisation skills?
Whole practise as the skills cannot be broken down.
What are the advantages of whole practise?
- Kinaesthesis is developed for the whole skill.
- Developed motor programmes.
- Most realistic practise to translate into a real game.
- Develops consistency.
What are the disadvantages of whole practise?
- Can overwhelm cognitive performers.
- Possibility of fatigue.
- Too much cognitive processing involved.
How is whole-part-whole practise carried out?
The performer has an attempt at the whole skill to get an initial feel for the movement. Then each part of the task is practised individually or specific weaknesses are highlighted and practised. Then the whole skill is done again.
When is the whole-part-whole method best utilised?
When a beginner is learning a complex skill and may need to concentrate on one part of the skill to get it right before progressing.
Which practise type is useful for a beginner trying to learn a complex skill?
Whole-part-whole.
What are the advantages of whole-part-whole practise?
- Provides motivation when success is achieved;
- Provides immediate feedback;
- Integrates sub-routines into the whole action;
- Maintains fluency and corrects errors at the same time.
What are the disadvantages of whole-part-whole practise?
- May produce negative transfer effects unless integration occurs in the same session.
- Time consuming process.
During whole-part-whole practise, what may happen if the performer run out of time and could not finish their session (whole-part only)?
It may produce negative transfer effects due to isolation of the parts.
A dance routine would be learnt through which practise type?
Progressive part, chaining all the parts together after learning them.
Which practise type is often referred to as ‘chaining’?
Progressive part practise.
How does progressive part practise work?
The first part of the skill is taught and then the rest of the parts are added in sequence.
Which method of practise is best for serial skills? explain why
Progressive part practise because each of the discrete skills can be learnt separately and chained together.
