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examplify quizzes > Metabolism > Flashcards

Metabolism Flashcards

1
Q

What pathway is an important source of NAPDH in RBCs?

A

Pentose Phosphate Pathway

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2
Q

Which phosphate group is hydrolysed in ATP?

A

Y-phosphate (gamma)

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3
Q

What monosaccharides make up Sucrose?

A

Glucose-Fructose

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4
Q

What monosaccharides make up Maltose?

A

Glucose-Glucose

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5
Q

Name one products of the krebs cycle?

A

2 x NADH
FADH2

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6
Q

What proportion of people will a vitamin be sufficient for at the Lower Reference Nutrient Intake? (LRNI)

A

2.5%

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7
Q

Which molecule can be used to rapidly replenish ATP from ADP for rapid exercise?

A

Phosphocreatine

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8
Q

What are the daily electrolyte/water requirements?

A

Electrolytes (Na/K/Cl) = 1 mmol/kg/day
Water = 30 ml/kg/day

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9
Q

Name the essential amino acids?

A

Arginine (Any)
Histidine (Help)
Isoleucine (In)
Leucine (Learning)
Threonine (This)
Lysine (List)
Methionine (May)
Phenylalanine (Prove)
Tryptophan (Truly)
Valine (Valuable)

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10
Q

What is the energy requirement for a 70kg man?

A

12,000 Kj/day

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11
Q

What causes pellagra and what are it’s symptoms?

A

Deficiency of Niacin
(peeling, redness and scaling of sun exposed areas)

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12
Q

What is the function of ALT?

A

Converts alanine to glutamate

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13
Q

Which keto acid is most used in transamination reactions to produce glutamate?

A

a-ketoglutarate

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14
Q

Which enzyme converts glycerol to glycerol phosphate?

A

Glycerol kinase

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15
Q

What effect does glucagon have on glycogen synthase?

A

Decreased activity (less glycogen synthesis)

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16
Q

Which metabolite would inhibit the carnitine shuttle?

A

Malonyl-CoA

17
Q

Disulphide bonds can form between the residues of what amino acid?

A

Cysteine

18
Q

Which protein facilitates the transfer of cholesterol to HDL?

A

ABCA 1

19
Q

Triglycerides reactions in order?

A
  1. B oxidation
  2. TCA Cycle
  3. Oxidative phosphorylation
20
Q

How many carbons are removed in each B oxidation cycle?

A

2

21
Q

What are the 2 major enzymes in gluconeogenesis?

A

PEPCK
Fructose 1,6-biphosphatase

22
Q

What is the difference between homocystine and homocystiene?

A

Homocystine is the oxidised form of homocystiene

23
Q

What does a deamination reaction produce?

A

Free ammonia

24
Q

What effect does insulin have on proteolysis?

A

Decreased proteolysis

25
Q

What enzyme converts H2O2 to H2O and O2?

A

Catalase

26
Q

How does PKU effect normal brain development?

A

Saturation of the Large Neutral Amino Acid Transporter by phenylalanine limits neurotransmitter synthesis

27
Q

What part of the body contains the most glycogen?

A

Skeletal muscle
(2nd - liver)

28
Q

Which metabolite is produced when ethanol to acetate?

A

NADH

29
Q

What effect does insulin have on Acetyl-CoA carboxylase?

A

Increased activity
(converts acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA for fatty acid synthesis)

examplify quizzes (19 decks)

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