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examplify quizzes > Head & Neck > Flashcards

Head & Neck Flashcards

1
Q

Which structures does the pre tracheal and buccopharyngeal fascia envelop?

A

Thyroid gland
Oesophagus
Infrahyoid muscles (strap muscles)
Larynx
Pharynx

(not SCM or Suprahyoid muscles)

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2
Q

Which muscles are innervated by the facial nerve?

A

Platysma
Orbicularis oculi
Orbicularis oris
Occipofrontalis

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3
Q

Which nerve innervates temporalis?

A

Trigeminal nerve (muscle of mastication)

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4
Q

What are the muscles of mastication

A

Temporalis
Masseter
Medial pterygoid
Lateral pterygoid

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5
Q

What are the branches of the ECA?

A

Superficial temporal
Ascending pharyngeal
Lingual artery
Facial artery
Occipital artery
Posterior auricular
Maxillary
Superior thyroid

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6
Q

Which structures does the ICA pass through extracranially?

A

Petrous part of the temporal bone
Carotid canal
Carotid sheath

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7
Q

Which in the adult skull relates to the site of the anterior fontanelle in the infant skull?

A

Bregma

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8
Q

What sits directly below the superior sagittal sinus?

A

Falx cerebri

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9
Q

What dural venous sinus is found within the middle cranial fossa?

A

Cavernous sinus

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10
Q

What does the forebrain consist of?

A

Cerebrum (lobes and their associated cortex)
Diencephalon (hypothalamus and thalamus)

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11
Q

Which signs may develop with a cavernous sinus thrombosis?

A

Ptosis
Diplopia
Oribital oedema

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12
Q

What are emissary veins?

A

Connect scalp veins in the dense connective tissue to dural venous sinuses

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13
Q

What can bleeding within the loose connective tissue cause?

A

Periorbital eccymoses

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14
Q

Where do the blood vessels supplying the scalp run?

A

Superficial to the epicranial aponeurosis

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15
Q

What are the parasympathetic functions of the oculomotor nerve?

A

Innervation of the sphincter pupillae
Innervation of the cillary body

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16
Q

What structures do you find in the hindbrain?

A

Pons
Medulla
Cerebellum

17
Q

What 2 CN are involved in the corneal reflex?

A

CN Va - afferent
CN VII - efferent

18
Q

How will a patient present with a facial nerve lesion?

A

Altered taste
Difficulty closing the eye
Dry mouth

19
Q

The muscles found within the eyelid receive innervation from which nerves?

A

Sympathetic nerves
Facial nerves
Oculomotor nerve

20
Q

Give the functions of the glossopharyngeal nerve.

A

Parasympathetic innervation of the parotid gland
Sensory to the middle ear
Sensory from the carotid body and sinus
Motor to stylopharyngeus

21
Q

Which structures does the conjunctiva line?

A

Upper and lower eyelid
Sclera

22
Q

Which structures does the conjunctiva not line?

A

Lens and cornea

23
Q

Which nerves carry general somatic sensation from the external ear?

A

Cervical nerve (C2)
Mandibular Division of CN V
CN X

24
Q

What are the functions of the vagus nerve ?

A

Motor to the larynx
Motor to the pharynx
Motor to the soft palate
Parasympathetic innervation to the stomach muscles
Parasympathetic innervation to the heart

25
Q

How should the pinna be moved when performing otoscopy and why?

A

Pulled backwards and up
(straightens the external acoustic meatus)

26
Q

What microorganisms are most likely to cause otitis externa?

A
  1. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (most common)
  2. Haemophilus Influenza
27
Q

What bone would a surgeon need to drill through to gain access to a prolactinoma?

A

Sphenoid

28
Q

What drains tears from the conjuctival sac directly into the nasal cavity?

A

Nasolacrimal duct

29
Q

What structures lie directly next to the nasal cavity?

A

Anterior cranial fossa
Lacrimal apparatus (so eye/orbit)
Paranasal air sinuses
Nasopharynx

30
Q

Which bones form the roof of the nasal cavity?

A

Nasal
Spheniod
Frontal
Cribriform plate of the ethmoid

31
Q

Which bones form the medial wall of the nasal cavity?

A

Perpendicular plate of the ethmoid
Vomer

32
Q

The mucosa lining the INFRAGLOTTIS is innervated by which nerve?

A

Recurent Laryngeal Nerve

33
Q

The thyroid isthmus crosses over the resp tract at what level?

A

Tracheal rings

34
Q

The mucosa lining the supraglottis is innervated by which nerve?

A

Internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve

examplify quizzes (19 decks)

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