Met 1: Overview of Metabolism

Question 1

Define resting metabolic rate

Answer 1

The amount of calories burned with zero activity. Energy cost of being alive.

Question 2

Define a positive energy state

Answer 2

Your body is net assimilating exogenous nutrients (food intake, low activity)

Question 3

Define a negative energy state

Answer 3

Your body is net mobilizing/utilizing stored nutrients (fasting or high activity)

Question 4

What are the three components of energy expenditure?

Answer 4

1. Basal Metabolic Rate
2. Thermic effect of food
3. Physical activity

Question 5

Estimate of total energy expenditure (#)

Answer 5

25-35 kcal/kg/day

Question 6

Resting metabolic rate is what percent of our total energy expenditure? (assume sedentary)

Answer 6

75%

Question 7

What are the three macronutrients?

Answer 7

Fat, glucose, protein

Question 8

How many calories/gram in alcohol, protein, glucose, and fat?

Answer 8

Alcohol: 7 kcal/g
Protein and Glucose: 4 kcal/g
Fat: 9 kcal/g

Question 9

Which nutrients have storage pools? Which don’t?

Answer 9

Amino acids and alcohol don’t have storage pools.
Glucose is stored as glycogen in liver and muscle.
Fat has storage pool.

Question 10

Most of our energy is stored as ________.

Answer 10

Most of our energy is stored as FAT.

Question 11

Is the nutrient typically reduced or oxidized compared to the end product?

Answer 11

Reduced

Question 12

Define anabolism

Answer 12

Building larger molecules from smaller ones. Typically requires energy input

Question 13

What 3 variables determine your resting metabolic rate?

Answer 13

Age, weight, and height