Met 1: Dietary Fat Flashcards
What is a trans fat?
Synethic foods may contain unsaturated fats where the double bond is in the TRANS conformation.
This is in contrast to natural unsaturated fats, where the double bond is in cis conformation.
Which is worse: saturated or unsaturated fats?
Saturated fats are worse for you
Name 3 changes to the modern diet compared with historic diet
More omega 6 fat (corn oil)
Reduced fiber
Increased calroies
___% of calories are from fat in a typical american diet
___% of that is saturated fat
35% of calories are from fat in a typical american diet
50% of that is saturated fat
What is the effect of dietary cholesterol on LDL levels?
Dietary cholesterol has MINIMAL impact on LDL levels
If you want to lower LDL, use a statin or lower saturated fats
What is more important: the amount of fat or the type of fat being eaten?
Type of fat
Unsaturated fats are good, saturated fats are bad
Compare the fat intake in Mediterranean diet and American diet
Mediterranean diet: 38% fat, but mostly unsaturated fat
American diet: 38% fat, but half unsaturated fat and half saturated fat
both fairly high fat, but type of fat is different
Name 3 foods that can decrease LDL and CVD
Nuts
Omega-3 fatty acids (fish oil) *omega3, found in the sea
Plant sterols
Which is better: low carb or low fat diet?
no difference
______ is more important than the type of diet in weight-loss
ADHERENCE is more important than the type of diet in weight-loss
Does the composition of a weight-loss diet matter?
Not really (eg. low-carb diet isn’t any better)
Adherence is more important.
Name 3 diet features that increase DM risk
- obesity
- high fat diet (mediated by weight gain)
- SATURATED FAT produces most notable insulin resistance
Which two diets have best evidene for preventing DM?
Low cal, low fat diet
Mediterannean diet
What is the #1 dietary risk factor for DM?
Positive energy balance (weight gain)
