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BIOCHEM > Messenger Lipids: Steroid Hormones > Flashcards

Messenger Lipids: Steroid Hormones Flashcards

1
Q

is a biochemical substance produced by a ductless
gland that has a messenger function.

A

hormone

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2
Q

serve as a means of communication between various tissues.

A

Hormones

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3
Q

Some hormones are

A

lipids

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4
Q

are Messenger Lipids:

A

Steroid Hormones

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5
Q

hormones lipids that play the role of

A

“chemical messengers”

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6
Q

2 lipids that play the role of “chemical messengers” include:

A

Steroid hormones
Eicosanoids

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7
Q

derivatives of cholesterol

A

Steroid hormones

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8
Q

derivatives of arachidonic acid

A

Eicosanoids-

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9
Q

There are two major classes of steroid hormones:

A

Sex hormones
Adrenocorticoid hormones

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10
Q

control reproduction and secondary sex characteristics

A

Sex hormones

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11
Q

control numerous biochemical processes
in the body

A

Adrenocorticoid hormones

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12
Q

Sex Hormones are Classified into three major groups:

A

Estrogens
Androgens
Progestins

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13
Q

the female sex hormones

A

Estrogens

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14
Q

the male sex hormones

A

Androgens

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15
Q

the pregnancy hormones

A

Progestins

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16
Q

primary estrogen

A

estradiol

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17
Q

responsible for secondary female characteristics

A

estradiol

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18
Q

primary androgen

A

testosterone

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19
Q

responsible for secondary male characteristics

A

testosterone

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20
Q

primary progestin

A

progesterone

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21
Q

prepares the uterus for pregnancy

A

progesterone

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22
Q

main female sex hormone

A

oestrogen

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23
Q

responsible for development of female reproductive system and secondary female sex characteristics

A

oestrogen

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24
Q

regulated by FSH

25
regulate menstrua cycle and responsible for secondary sex characteristics
oestrogen
26
another female sex hormone
progesterone
27
a hormone which is helpful during the pregnancy
progesterone
28
regulated by LH
progestone
29
support and sustains a pregnancy
progesterone
30
a synthetic progestin
norethynodrel
31
mifepristone
RU-486
32
a syntehtic abortion drug
RU-486
33
a synthetic tissue-building steroid
methandrostenolone
34
Produced by the adrenal glands
Adrenocorticoid Hormones
35
- small organs located on top of each kidney
adrenal glands
36
28 Different hormones have been isolated from the adrenal cortex
Adrenocorticoid Hormones
37
Two types of adrenocorticoid hormones:
Mineralocorticoids Glucocorticoids
38
control the balance of Na and K ions in cells
Mineralocorticoids
39
control glucose metabolism and counteract inflammation
Glucocorticoids
40
a mineralcoticoid
aldosterone
41
a glucocorticoid
cortisol
42
2 an anti-flammatory drug
cortisone prednisolone
43
are arachidonic acid (20:4) derivatives
Eicosanoids
44
Have profound physiological effects at extremely low concentrations.
Eicosanoids
45
are hormone-like molecules
Eicosanoids
46
Exert their effects in the tissues where they are synthesized.
Eicosanoids
47
usually have a very short “life.”
Eicosanoids
48
6 Physiological effects of eicosanoids
– Inflammatory response – Production of pain and fever – Regulation of blood pressure – Induction of blood clotting – Control of reproductive functions, such as induction of labor – Regulation of the sleep/wake cycle
49
C20-fatty-acid derivative containing cyclopentane ring and oxygen-containing functional groups
Prostoglandins
50
3 Principal Types of Eicosanoids
1.Prostoglandins: 2.Thromboxanes: 3.Leukotrienes:
51
Involved in raising body temperature
Prostoglandins
52
Inhibiting the secretion of gastric juices
Prostoglandins
53
Increasing the secretion of a protective mucus layer into the stomach
Prostoglandins
54
Relaxing and contracting smooth muscle, directing water and electrolyte balance, intensifying pain, and enhancing inflammation responses
Prostoglandins
55
C20-fatty-acid derivative containing a cyclic ether ring and oxygen-containing functional groups
Thromboxanes
56
—Promote platelet aggregation.
Thromboxanes
57
C20-fatty-acid derivative containing three conjugated double bonds and hydroxyl groups
Leukotrienes
58
Promote inflammatory and hypersensitivity (allergy) responses
Leukotrienes
59
4 tissue specific isomerases in prostaglandins and arachidonic metabolism
prostacylin (PGI2) thromboxane A2 Prostaglandin E2 Prostaglandin F2a

BIOCHEM (22 decks)

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