Mesenchymal Neoplasms

Question 1

• Benign tumor of fat that is usually seen in
adults
• Most common benign mesenchymal
neoplasm
• The adipose tissue of is metabolically
unavailable
• Herniated buccal fat pads may be mistaken
for these

Answer 1

Lipoma

Question 2

• Benign neoplasm of peripheral 
nerve that expands nerve the 
nerve trunk
• Includes all cell types of 
peripheral nerve: Schwann 
cells, perineural fibroblasts, 
axons
• The neurofibroma may be 
seen in two clinical settings
– A solitary lesion
– As part of a syndrome -
Neurofibromatosis type I

Answer 2

Neurofibroma

Question 3

• Von Recklinghausen’s disease of skin
• Autosomal dominant
• Cutaneous neurofibromas
• Café-au-lait pigmentation
• Malignant transformation

Answer 3

Neurofibromatosis Type I

Question 4

• Benign, pigmented lesions on the iris that do not interfere with vision

Answer 4

Lisch Nodules

Question 5

• Benign encapsulated neoplasm of 
Schwann cells that pushes the 
nerve trunk aside
• Histopathology exhibits Verocay 
bodies

Answer 5

Schwannoma (Neurilemmoma)

Question 6

• A central eosinophillic zone surrounded by palisaded nuclei
- seen in schwannoma

Answer 6

Verocay Body

Question 7

• Mucosal neuromas - markers for internal malignancy
• Medullary Carcinoma of Thyroid
• Adrenal Pheochromocytoma

Answer 7

Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type IIB

Question 8

• Autosomal dominant tumors of endocrine organs: thyroid, parathyroid, pancreas, adrenals
-Some have oral manifestations

Answer 8

Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Syndromes

Question 9

• A benign peripheral nerve sheath 
neoplasm believed to be of Schwann 
cell origin
• Tongue is the most commonly 
involved site in the body
• Non-encapsulated, fixed
• Granular cells contain lysosomes
• May be associated with pseudo-
epitheliomatous hyperplasia (PEH) and 
mistaken for squamous cell carcinoma

Answer 9

Grandular cell tumor

Question 10

• Congenital granular cell tumor of the
newborn
• Anterior jaws of females (8:1) neonates
• A hamartomatous lesion that does not
recur
• Like the granular cell tumor, the tumor
cells contain lysosomes

Answer 10

Congenital epulis of newborn

Question 11

• Malignant schwannoma, 
neurofibrosarcoma
• Malignant transformation of a 
neurofibroma in NF I
• Poor prognosis

Answer 11

Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor

Question 12

• Benign proliferation of blood 
vessels 
• May be classified on the basis of 
the size of the vascular channels
– Cavernous (large vessels)
– Capillary (small vessels)
• Most common in children
– Most are located in the skin 
(birthmarks)
– Most involute by end of 
puberty
• Most common tumor of 
infancy
• Not usually congenital, but 
arise during first few weeks of 
post-natal life
• Undergo a rapid growth phase 
and then gradually involute

Answer 12

Hemangioma

Question 13

• Infants
• Large, extensive hemangiomas 
trap platelets, producing 
thrombocytopenia, leading to 
hemorrhage
• High mortality

Answer 13

Kasabach-Merritt Syndrome

Question 14

• Malignancy of vascular 
endothelium
• May resemble bruise on the 
scalp or forehead of the elderly
• Rarely seen in the oral mucosa

Answer 14

Angiosarcoma

Question 15

• A type of multi-centric endothelial 
cell malignancy
• Human Herpesvirus Type 8 (KS-
associated herpesvirus)
• Rare before AIDS 
• There are HIV-associated and 
non-HIV-associated forms

Answer 15

Kaposi sarcoma

Question 16

Kaposi sarcoma responds to ____ therapy

Answer 16

cART

Question 17

• Benign tumor of lymphatic vessels
• Sequestration of lymphatic tissue
• Most arise during childhood

Answer 17

Lymphangioma

Question 18

• benign tumor of lymphatic vessels

Answer 18

LYMPHANGIOMA

Question 19

• malignant tumor of lymphocytes

Answer 19

LYMPHOMA

Question 20

–abnormal
developmental overgrowth of tissue
native to the site

Answer 20

Hamartoma

Question 21

–abnormal
developmental overgrowth of tissue
not native to the site

Answer 21

Choristoma

Question 22

• A lymphangioma involving the
soft tissues of the neck
• May be associated with
dysphagia and airway obstruction

Answer 22

Cystic Hygroma - Lymphangioma

Question 23

• Mandibular alveolar ridge
• Black male neonates (4%)
• Frequently bilateral
• Small < 1 cm
• Resolve spontaneously

Answer 23

Alveolar Ridge Lympangiomas

Question 24

• Malignant neoplasm of lymphatic 
endothelium
• Occurs in long-standing cases of 
lymphedema secondary to lymphatic 
dysfunction

Answer 24

Lymphangiosarcoma

Question 25

• A benign neoplasm of smooth muscle
• The smooth muscle of the uterus most 
common site, where it is commonly 
referred to as a “fibroid”
• May also arise from vascular or hair 
follicle (arrector pili) smooth muscle
usually 
-arises from vascular smooth muscle 
and are referred to as angiomyomas

Answer 25

Leiomyoma

Question 26

• Malignant tumor of smooth muscle
• Most common sites
– Uterus
– Gastrointestinal tract
• Middle-aged and older adults

Answer 26

Leiomyomosarcoma

Question 27

With skeletal muscle neoplasms, are they more commonly malignant or benign?

Answer 27

Malignant

Question 28

Benign neoplasm of skeletal muscle

Answer 28

Rhabdomyoma:

Question 29

Malignant neoplasm of skeletal muscle

Answer 29

Rhabdomyosarcoma:

Question 30

• Benign neoplasm of skeletal muscle
• Cardiac
• Extracardiac
– Adult
– Fetal

Answer 30

Rhabdomyoma

Question 31

\_\_\_\_\_ is the most 
common soft tissue sarcoma of
children
• Most frequent site is head and 
neck followed by genitourinary
• Local surgical excision
• Multi-agent chemotherapy
• Postoperative radiation 
therapy
• Five-year survival improved 
with multimodal treatment

Answer 31

Rhabdomyosarcoma

Question 32

• Complication of wound healing

* Excessive scar formation

Answer 32

Keloid