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Pathology > 2018 Old Test #2 > Flashcards

2018 Old Test #2 Flashcards

1
Q

Kaposi sarcoma caused by HIV

A

false

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2
Q

Congenital is hereditary. Familial is at birth and not associated with genetics

A

both false

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3
Q

Turners syndrome

A

XO

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4
Q

XXY 47 chromosomes

A

Klinefelter

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5
Q

Somatic, skips generations

A

Autosomal recessive

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6
Q

Which of the following is not associated with neurofibromatosis

A

Intestinal polyposis

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7
Q

What is vitamin D resistant rickets

A

x-linked

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8
Q

MEN type II has thyroid cancer and oral mucosal nodules

A

both true

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9
Q

The only that doesn’t present with facial asymmetry

A

Marie Santon disease

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10
Q

Acromegaly

A

After the closure of epiphyseal plates

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11
Q

Cleft lip results from

A

Failure of maxillary and medial nasal processes to fuse

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12
Q

Macroglossia is caused by

A

Amyloidosis

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13
Q

Branchial cleft cyst has similar histology to

A

Lymphoepithelial cyst

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14
Q

Cystic hygroma is

A

Cluster of lymphatic vessels

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15
Q

Cystic hygroma

A

Airway obstruction

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16
Q

Fordyce granules

A

Ectopic sebaceous gland

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17
Q

Port wine stain is associated with what cranial nerve

A

5- trigeminal

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18
Q

Peutz Jegher presents with what

A

Perioral freckling

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19
Q

Which of the following is not associated with neoplasm

A

Malignancy

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20
Q

Which of the following most likely has head and neck cancer

A

No answer provided

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21
Q

Abnormal cell growth that has not gone through Basement Membrane

A

dysplasia

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22
Q

TF carcinomas metastasize via lymphatics. Sarcomas metastasize via lymphatics

A

true then false

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23
Q

Barr body

A

Inactivated X chromosome

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24
Q

What females have that protects them from x-linked diseases

A

Lyonization

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25
Q

Carcinoma is ectoderm. Sarcoma is mesoderm

A

both true

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26
Q

The most common soft tissue carcinoma of children

A

Rhabdomyosarcoma

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27
Q

Most of the malignancies in the US are accounted for by

A

None of the above - carcinoma

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28
Q

Which tumor has all three germ layers

A

teratoma

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29
Q

Grading done by pathologist, staging done by clinician

A

both true

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30
Q

you can diagnose SCC clinically

A

false

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31
Q

Determine survival of melanoma by

A

invasion

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32
Q

Which of the following is not a part of the ABCD

A

compressible

Correct: 
Asym 
Border irreg
Color 
Diameter
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33
Q

The risk factor for lower lip vermillion carcinoma

A

Actinic radiation

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34
Q

Most common salivary lesion on the lower lip

A

Mucocele

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35
Q

SCC metastasizes to the regional lymph nodes

A

true

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36
Q

Philadelphia chromosome associated with

A

Chronic myelogenous leukemia

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37
Q

Tumor suppressor recessive, oncogene is dominant

A

both true

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38
Q

Tumor suppressor mutation is to have effect on cancer formation

A

loss of function

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39
Q

Uterine mass

A

Leiomyoma

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40
Q

Bilateral parotid enlargement, dry eyes and mouth

A

Sjogrens syndrome

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41
Q

Bilateral ulcers on the hard palate

A

Necrotizing sialometaplasia

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42
Q

Most common salivary gland neoplasm

A

Pleomorphic adenoma

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43
Q

Monomorphic adenoma

A

Most common on upper lip

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44
Q

Which of the following has male predisposition

A

Warthin’s tumor

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45
Q

The most common spot for the PLGA is

A

palate

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46
Q

Which presents with granulomatous inflammation

A

Crohn’s disease

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47
Q

Which is the most likely to metastasize

A

SCC

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48
Q

Lateral border of the tongue is high risk site for SCC

A

true

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49
Q

Which of the following is true about congestive heart failure

A

Right sided is caused by left sided

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50
Q

Barrett esophagus leads to

A

adenocarcinoma

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51
Q

Which of the following does not result from H pylori infection

A

SCC

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52
Q

Meckel Diverticulosis is in what organ

A

Small intestine

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53
Q

Carcinoid tumor releases what hormone

A

serotonin

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54
Q

Complete loss of blood supply that leads to necrosis

A

infarct

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55
Q

Which of the following does not result from myocardial infarction

A

angina

56
Q

Which of the following is not commonly associated with fixed stenosis

A

necrosis

57
Q

Which of the following is not a cause of MI

A

Aneurysm

58
Q

Which of the following is the most common congenital heart defect

A

VSD

59
Q

Which of the following is not true about infective endocarditis

A

Viral infection

60
Q

Invagination of small intestine on itself

A

Intussusception

61
Q

Chronic congestive liver disease is caused by

A

Right sided heart failure

62
Q

Krukenberg tumor is found in

A

ovary

63
Q

Which of the following is not a risk factor for atherosclerosis

A

aneurysm

64
Q

Tumor suppressor genes act in a recessive manner. Oncogenes act in a dominant manner.

A

both true

65
Q

Salivary tumor most likely to appear on UPPER LIP

A

monomorphic adenoma

66
Q

Genotype is 45 X0

A

turner syndrome

67
Q

Aortic dissection

A

Marfan syndrome

68
Q

Woman has father with x-linked disease, lyonization is 50:50, what are the odds the child will have it

A

50

69
Q

What are the chances a father with x-linked disease will pass to son

A

0

70
Q

Looking at family tree, males and females equally effected, skips generations

A

auto recessive

71
Q

Missense mutations

Substitution of one amino acid
Can have fatal effects
Can have no big deal effects
Causes sickle cell anemia
All of the above
A 
Substitution of one amino acid
Can have fatal effects
Can have no big deal effects
Causes sickle cell anemia
All of the above

ALL ABOVE

72
Q

Granulomatous inflammation occurs in

A

chrons

73
Q

Crohn’s disease can present as

Oral lesions
Thickened intestinal wall
Fistula formation
Low malignancy
Occurs in distal ileum and colon
All of the above
A

all above

74
Q 
Ulcerative colitis can present as
Pseudopolyps
Thin intestinal wall
Increased risk of malignancy
All of the above
A

all above

75
Q

Paramedial lip pits

A

Express saliva????

For sure this tho:
defective merging between mandibular processes

76
Q

Lionization

A

Protects females by using other x chromosome

77
Q

Which of the following is not associated with MEN 2B

A

pituitary tumor

78
Q

Which of the following is not a sign of Neurofibromatosis

A

polyp

79
Q

Peutz Jegher type of polyps

A

Hamartomatous polyps

80
Q

What type of polyps in Gardner syndrome?

A

Adenomatouspolyps

81
Q

Pt with downward slanting palpebral fissures, Colomba of lower eye lid, and hypoplastic zygoma

A

Mandibulofacial dysplasia (Treacher Collins)

82
Q

Keloid is made of

A

collagen

83
Q

Which of the following is due to a defect in fibrillin

A

marfan

84
Q

Pt has cysts of the jaw and multiple early onset basal carcinomas

A

nevoid basal cell carcinoma

85
Q

Which of the following expresses asymmetry

A

Parry Romberg

86
Q

Peri-oral freckling occurs in what syndrome

A

Peutz-Jegher

87
Q

Signs of Pierre Robin:

Mandibular hypoplasia

Palatal cleft

Glossoptosis

All of the above

A

ALL ABOVE

88
Q

Macroglossia is caused by

A

amyloidosis

89
Q

Cystic Hygroma involves what type of vessels?

A

lymph vessel

90
Q

Carcinoid tumors secrete what hormone

A

serotonin

91
Q

Sarcoma are more common in children and carcinoma is more common in old people

A

both true

92
Q

Rhabdomyosarcoma is common in children and more common than Rhabdomyoma (benign)

A

both true

93
Q

Sarcoma is from mesoderm and Carcinoma is from ecto/endoderm

A

both true

94
Q

Krukenberg tumor is found in the

A

ovaries

95
Q

Sarcomas travel by hematogenous route and end in the lungs. Carcinomas travel via lymphatics and end up in the lymph nodes

A

Both true

96
Q

Most common tumor of the lungs?

A

mestastic

97
Q

Which is the most common gene translocation for chronic myelogenous leukemia

A

t (9:22)

98
Q

question about MEN 2A

A

false

99
Q

High risk of cancer in all the following except

A

Acanthosis negricans

this is a paraneoplastic sympotom

100
Q

Which has the Alpha 1-anti-trypsin deficiency

A

Panaciniar emphysema

101
Q

Lower lip is special because you have

A

actinic radiatioin

102
Q

Loss of sympathetic innervation causes all of following except (aka Horners)

A

Exophthalmia → should be enophthalmos

IDK what this means

103
Q

Spilling mucin into surrounding tissue and forming granulation tissue

A

mucocele

104
Q

H. Pylori can do all of the following except

A

does not lead to squamous cell carcinoma

does lead to Chronic gastritis

Peptic ulcer disease

Gastric adenocarcinoma

Gastric MALT
lymphoma

105
Q

upper lip tunor

A

Monomorphic adenoma

106
Q

Most common salivary gland tumor

A

Pleomorphic adenoma (mixed benign tumor)

107
Q

Most common malignant salivary gland tumor

A

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma

108
Q

Salivary gland tumor that favors the hard palate

A

Polymorphous low grade adenocarcinoma

109
Q

Salivary gland tumor that appears blue

A

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma

110
Q

Histologically looks like swiss cheese

A

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (poor long-term prognosis)

111
Q

Histologically a mixture of ductal and myoepithelial elements

A

Pleomorphic adenoma

112
Q

Histologically a uniform pattern

A

Monomorphic adenoma

113
Q

Histologically similar to parotid

A

acinic cell carcinoma

114
Q

Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia (PEH)

A

Granular cell tumor

115
Q

Which is not true of in-situ

A

Has invaded the basement membrane (in-situ has not yet invaded)

116
Q

Which is the most likely to metastasize

A

squamous cell carcinoma

117
Q

Which is not high risk for cancer?

A

dorsal tongue

118
Q

90% of Erythroplakia will be dysplastic, 20% of Leukoplakia is dysplastic

A

both true

119
Q

Surfactant is secreted by

A

type 2 pneuomcytes

120
Q

Characteristics of dysplasia except:

A

Hyperkeratosis (this is answer)

(correct answer actually a characteristic) → dyskeratosis

121
Q

What type of collapsed lung is caused by obstruction of the airway

A

Resorption

122
Q

What type of collapsed lung is caused by fluid within pleural cavity

A

Compression

123
Q

What type of collapsed lung is caused by local or generalized fibrotic changes

A

contraction

124
Q

Melanoma prognosis is dependent on

A

depth

125
Q

COPD

A

Chronic bronchitis and emphysema

126
Q

Plummer Vincent is not

A

Pernicious anemia

but is → autoimmune atrophic gastritis

127
Q

Under 1 cm is always benign, over 1 cm is malignant

A

both false

128
Q

Increased risk of adenocarcinoma

A

barretts esophag

129
Q

These are all sarcoma/mesoder except

A

myxoma

130
Q

Meckel diverticulum is a developmental defect of

A

Small intestine (ileum)

131
Q

Brachial cyst is histologically similar to

A

Cervical lymphoepithelial cyst

132
Q

Alpha fetoprotein is a marker for

A

Hepatocellular carcinoma

133
Q

f you think someone has blood under their skin, what is the technique, you use to blanch

A

diascope

134
Q

Mesothelioma is a benign outgrowth of the pleura. It decreases with asbestos exposure

A

both false

correct would be malignant and increases

135
Q

Most pain receptors are on

A

pleura of lungs

136
Q

Pt has pheochromatoma of adrenal medulla, and nodules in mouth. What do they have?

A

Men IIb

Pathology (26 decks)

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