Menstrual Cycle

Question 1

what hormone is responsible for proliferative phase of endometrium?

Answer 1

oestrogen

Question 2

what hormone is responsible for secretory phase of endometrium?

Answer 2

progesterone

Question 3

what happens in menstrual phase of endometrium?

Answer 3

ischaemia
tissue breakdown of endometrium
blood loss

Question 4

what happens in secretory phase of endometrium?

Answer 4

glands coil

glycogen secreted

Question 5

what hormone stimulates follicle development?

Answer 5

FSH

Question 6

what layer does the dominant follicle come from?

Answer 6

zona granulosa

Question 7

when does LH surge occur?

Answer 7

12 hrs prior to ovulation

Question 8

what happens at ovulation? what hormone causes this?

Answer 8

follicle ruptures releasing oocyte

estrogen induced LH surge

Question 9

in luteal phase, what hormones are present initially?

Answer 9

FSH

LH

Question 10

what happens to the follicle once it ruptures? what hormones cause this?

Answer 10

turns into corpus luteum

FSH and LH

Question 11

if CL implants, what happens?

Answer 11

progesterone levels maintained

Question 12

if CL does not implant, what happens?

Answer 12

becomes corpus albicans

estrogen and progesterone fall

Question 13

when does luteolysis take place?

Answer 13

14 days post ovulation

Question 14

when does ovulation take place?

Answer 14

14 days before new cycle

Question 15

what happens in the ovarian cycle?

Answer 15

development of ovarian follicle and ovulation

Question 16

what happens in the uterine cycle?

Answer 16

endometrium reacts to ovarian activity

Question 17

when does menstrual cycle start?

Answer 17

last day of period

Question 18

what order do the ovarian phases do in?

Answer 18

follicular

luteal

Question 19

what hormone triggers FSH/LH? where is this released?

Answer 19

GnRH

hypothalamus

Question 20

what are the layers of a follicle? (in to out)

Answer 20

oocyte
granulosa cells
theca cells

Question 21

what cells have LH receptors?

Answer 21

theca cells

Question 22

what cells have FSH receptors?

Answer 22

granulosa

Question 23

what does the dominant follicle produce? what does this do?

Answer 23

oestrogen
increases GnRH (LH and FSH release)

Question 24

what hormones facilitate rupture of the oocyte?

Answer 24

FSH

LH

Question 25

when is oestrogen highest in a cycle?

Answer 25

11-15

Question 26

what happens in the proliferative phase of the uterus?

Answer 26

endometrium thickens

uterine glands grow

Question 27

phases of the uterus?

Answer 27

menstrual
proliferative
secretory

Question 28

why do oestrogen levels fall once CL is produced? what hormone begins to be produced?

Answer 28

inhibin released

progesterone

Question 29

what does progesterone do?

Answer 29

makes endometrium receptive to implantation

causes FSH and LH to fall