Female Reproductive and Breast Anatomy Flashcards
what parts of the female reproductive system lie in the pelvic cavity?
ovaries
uterine tubes
uterus
superior part of vagina
what parts of the female reproductive system lie in the perineum?
inferior part of vagina
perineal muscles
bartholin’s gland
clitoris
labia
what covers the superior aspect of the female repro organs?
parietal peritoneum
name and label the two pouches in a female
where and how can fluid in the pouch of douglas be drained?
posterior fornix of the vagina
via a needle
another name for the rectouterine pouch?
pouch of douglas
what covers the uterus?
broad ligament of the uterus
what is the broad ligament made of?
double layer of peritoneum
what does the broad ligament do?
maintains uterus in the midline position
where does the broad ligament span?
uterus
lateral walls of pelvis
floor of the pelvis
name an embryological remnant of the uterus?
round ligament
label
what 3 things hold the uterus in position?
ligaments
endopelvic fascia
muscles of the pelvic floor
what are the 3 layers of the uterus?
perimetrium
myometrium
endometrium
where does implantation of the zygote normally occur?
body of the uterus
most common position of the uterus?
anteverted and anteflexed
what are the two normal variations of the uterus’ position?
retroverted (axis of vagina)
retroflexed (axis of cervix)
where does fertilisation occur?
ampulla
label
where is there communication between peritoneal cavity and genital tract?
fimbriated end of infindibulum opens into peritoneal cavity
what hormones do the ovaries produce?
FSH
LH
where is ovum released into?
peritoneal cavity (picked up by fimbrae)
name the fornix of the vagina?
lateral
anterior
posterior
where can ischial spines be palpated in the vaginal exam?
4 and 8 o clock positions
where is the perineum between?
pelvic diaphragm
skin of anus
what type of muscle is levator ani made up of?
skeletal
nerve supply of levator ani?
pudendal nerve (S2, 3, 4 keeps shit off the floor)
what forms majority of the pelvic diaphragm?
levator ani
what supplies the perineal muscles?
pudendal nerve
what is the perineal body?
bundle of collagenous and elastic tissue which perineal muscles attach into
where is the perineal body in the image? anatomically, what is it deep to?
skin
what glands are located near the opening of the vagina?
bartholins gland
label
where does the bed of breast extend from?
down - ribs 2-6
across - lateral border of sternum to mid axillary line
where is the retromammory space?
between fascia and breast
how do breasts attach to skin?
via suspensory ligaments
what muscles do the breasts cover?
pec major
serratus anterior
where does lymph from the breast drain to? (generally)
ispilateral axillary lymph node -> supraclavicular lymph nodes
name the quadrants
where may lymph from lower inner breast drain to?
abdominal lymph nodes
where may lymph from inner breast drain to?
parasternal lymph nodes
what may cause lymphedema? why?
removal of axillary nodes
due to lymph from upper limb draining here
levels of axillary node clearance?
I - inferior and lateral to pec major
II - deep to pec major
III - superior and medial to pectoralis minor
what does the axilla contain?
brachial plexus branches
axillary artery and vein
axillary LNs
axillary fat
what supplies blood to the breast?
what drains blood from the breast?
axillary + SVC -> internal jugular
