Menopause Flashcards
climacteric definition
the symptoms associated with menopause
average age of menopause
51
early menopause
<45yo
premature menopause
<40yo
late menopause
> 54yo
which hormone falls in menopause
oestrogen
what does decreased oestrogen in menopause cause (3)
vaginal dryness
osteoporosis
atrophy of oestrogen dependent tissues eg genitalia, breasts
if you have a hysterectomy with both ovaries removed, how will you experience menopause
you wont!
if you have a hysterectomy with one/no ovaries removed, how will you experience menopause
you will experience menopausal symptoms (climacteric) but just not the menstrual irregularity (bc you don’t have a uterus)
what happens to periods in menopause
menorrhagia - irregular, abnormally heavy
what happens to mood in menopause
decreased mood, difficulty concentrating
what does vasomotor disturbance cause in menopause
night sweats hot flushes
= decreased sleep = decreased mood
diagnosis of menopause
symptoms and >45yo = diagnosis
blood tests is <45yo
what dietary changes should you make during menopause
what contains plant oestrogens = decreases symptoms
increase calcium - to prevent osteoporosis
soya - has plant oestorgens = decreases symptoms
what can you give for vasomotor symptoms (hot flushes and night sweats)
HRT - combined oral contraceptive pill or oestorgen only pill
clonidine
what does oestrogen only pill increase risk of
hence only when can you give it
increases risk of endometrial cancer
only give oestrogen only pill if no uterus (hysterectomy)
what does HRT increase you risk of
DVT
treatment of mood swings/anxiety in menopause
SSRIs
treatment of menorrhagia (abnormal heavy bleeding) in menopause
mefenamic acid (all the time) and tranexamic acid (take during period) or mirena coil
what type of drug is tranexamic acid
what does tranexamic acid do to period
anti fibrinolytic = blood clots are harder to break = bleed less
what type of drug is mefenamic acid
what does it do to periods
NSAID = decreases blood supply = decreases bleeding
treatment of vaginal dryness (vaginal atrophy) in menopause
oestrogen cream
how long do you continue contraception for after menopause (bc risk of fertility)
2 years after menopause stopped
