EMBRYOLOGY Flashcards
what does invagination of epiblast cells through the primitive streak create
endoderm and mesoderm
which plate of which germ cell layer does the cloaca come from
what systems does the cloaca give rise to
intermediate plate of mesoderm
cloaca gives rise to urinary, repro and GI systems
what is the structure that forms around the premorbid germ cells called
what does this combination of structures make
support cells
the primitive sex cords (males)/primitive follicles (females)
what are the male support cells
Sertoli cells
what are the female support cells
granulosa cells
how many weeks along is it until the gender of the embryo is decided
what is the embryo called up until this stage
what happens to determine the sex
7 weeks
the indifferent gonad
support cells arrive (are either male or female)
what shape are the primitive sex cords in males
horseshoe shaped
what chromosome thing causes the formation of Sertoli cells
presence of Y chromosome
Sertoli cells are male support cells
what do Sertoli cells secrete
what does this cause
secrete AMH (anti-Mullerian hormone)
causes degeneration of Mullerian (paramesonephric) duct
in males, if the Mullerian ducts degenerate, which ducts remain and hence become the reproductive tract
Wolffian ducts (mesonephric)
remember; Males = Mesonephric
what does the Wolffian duct eventually turn into
vas deferens
in males, what causes the differentiation of external genitalia
presence of dihydrotestosterone
KNOW THIS - not just testosterone
after how many weeks does external genitalia differentiation happen
after 7 weeks
in females, what causes the differentiation of external genitalia
absence of dihydrotestosterone
what chromosome thing causes the formation of granulosa cells
absence of Y chromosome
granulosa cells are the female support cells
