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The Public (Y2) > Meningitis and vaccination > Flashcards

Meningitis and vaccination Flashcards

1
Q

What is meningitis?

A

An acute inflammation of the meninges with an infective cause - bacterial, viral, fungal

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2
Q

What are the meninges?

A

A protective sac or membrane that envelopes the brain and provides an impermeable barrier to external environment in the event of injury

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3
Q

Why do bacteria not get into the brain?

A

BBB

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4
Q

Most cases of meningitis are viral or aseptic. True or false?

A

True

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5
Q

Fungal meningitis is extremely rare and is associated with underlying immune deficiency. True or false?

A

True

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6
Q

Meningitis and meningococcal disease are the same thing. True or false?

A

False

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7
Q

Pneumococcal disease is associated with streptococcus pneumoniae. True or false?

A

True

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8
Q

Are meningococci gram positive or negative diplococci?

A

gram negative

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9
Q

Strep.pneumoniae is a gram-positive coccus. True or false?

A

True

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10
Q

What organelle of strep.pneumoniae is most important virulence factor?

A

Capsule

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11
Q

Pneumococci that lack a capsule are not normally virulent. True or false?

A

True

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12
Q

Which pneumococci vaccine is given to children and which one is given to adults?

A

PCV13 - children

PPV23 - adults

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13
Q

What does PCV stand for?

A

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine

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14
Q

What does PPV stand for?

A

Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine

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15
Q

The PCV contains polysaccharides from 13 capsular types. True or false?

A

True

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16
Q

The PPV contains polysaccarides from 23 capsular types. True or false?

A

True

17
Q

Immunity to pneumonia develops how many weeks after receiving single dose of PPV?

A

3 weeks

18
Q

How long does the immune response induced by PPV last?

A

<5 years

19
Q

What is HiB?

A

An invasive disease caused by encapsulated subtypes of haemophilus

20
Q

Non-encapsulated subtypes of haemophilus usually cause non-invasive disease such as?

A

Otitis media

Sinusitis

21
Q

How many serotypes of haemophilus are there?

A

6 typeable capsular serotypes (a-f)

22
Q

Individuals can carry strains of Hib in nose and throat without showing signs of disease. True or false?

A

True

23
Q

Which 6 diseases does the 6-in-1 vaccine provide immunity against?

A 
Polio
Hib
Pertussis 
Hep B
Tetanus
Diptheria
24
Q

By conjugation capsular proteins with non-toxic proteins, it creates a greater immunogenic response in children. True or false?

A

True

The Public (Y2) (35 decks)

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