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The Public (Y2) > Antifungal chemotherapy > Flashcards

Antifungal chemotherapy Flashcards

1
Q

Candida is always present but can overgrow when the patient is immunocompromised. True or false?

A

True

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2
Q

Candida is a bacteria that causes candidiasis. True or false?

A

False - yeast

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3
Q

What causes athlete’s foot?

A

Ringworm

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4
Q

Blastomycosis is a fungal infection. True or false?

A

True

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5
Q

Pneumocystic pneumonia is a bacterial infection. True or false?

A

False - fungal infection which closely resembles bacterial pneumonia

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6
Q

How does fungal disease happen?

A

Colonisation when fungal spores are inhaled

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7
Q

Fungi are prokaryotes. True or false?

A

False - eukaryotes

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8
Q

Fungi have cell walls, just like we do. True or false?

A

False - have cell walls, but we don’t

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9
Q

What do fungi have in their cell membranes instead of cholesterol?

A

Ergosterol

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10
Q

Cryptococcosis is a fungal infection. True or false?

A

True

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11
Q

What is the mechanism of action of amphotericin B?

A

Binds to ergosterol in the fungal cell membrane and the amphotericin:ergosterol complex seems to form pores in the membrane, causing it to leak

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12
Q

Amphotericin B can be used to treat systemic fungal infections. How is it administered?

A

IV

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13
Q

How does nystatin work and what is it used to treat?

A

Binds to ergosterol and is used to treat candida albicans infections of the skin

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14
Q

What is terbinafine’s mechanism of action?

A

Inhibits sqaulene epoxidase, a rate limiting step in ergosterol synthesis

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15
Q

What is CYP450 14-α-demethylase?

A

An enzyme involved in the conversion of squalene to ergosterol

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16
Q

How do azole antifungals work?

A

They inhibit CYP450 14-α-demethylase

17
Q

Why can’t azoles and polyenes be given together?

A

Because polyene antifungals rely on sterol binding to function, whereas azoles inhibit the synthesis of ergosterol

18
Q

Nystatin, amphotericin B and terbinafine are which type of antifungals?

A

Polyene antifungals

19
Q

Ketoconazole is formulated as a shampoo to treat dandruff and as a cream for treatment of athlete’s foot. True or false?

A

True

20
Q

Fluconazole can be taken orally as absorption is good at any pH. It is widely distributed around the body, including the brain. True or false?

A

True

21
Q

Fluconazole is used to treat cryptococcal infections. True or false?

A

True

22
Q

Itraconazole cannot be given orally. True or false?

A

False

23
Q

How do echinocandins work?

A

Target 1,3-B glucan synthesis

24
Q

How does griseofulvin work?

A

It interferes with microtubule assembly

25
Q

Griseofulvin is administered topically. True or false?

A

False - administered orally

26
Q

What is the MOA of flucytosine?

A

converted to 5-fluorouracil and DNA and RNA synthesis are inhibited

The Public (Y2) (35 decks)

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