Antivirals Flashcards

1
Q

Herpes virus and chickenpox are DNA viruses. True or false?

A

True

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2
Q

If the RNA segment in a virus is used as mRNA directly, is it a positive or negative sense virus?

A

Positive

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3
Q

If RNA segment in a virus is copied using a polymerase to give mRNA. Is it a positive or negative sense virus?

A

Negative

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4
Q

Influenza and ebola are negative sense viruses. True or false?

A

True

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5
Q

Is hep B a DNA or RNA virus?

A

DNA but with a retroviral phase

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6
Q

Is polio virus a positive or negative sense virus?

A

Positive

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7
Q

Influenza B is exclusive to humans, seals and ferrets. True or false?

A

True

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8
Q

Amantidine and Rimantidine are antivirals that are no longer recommended. What are the recommended ones?

A

Oseltamivir

Zanamivir

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9
Q

Amantidine and rimantidine are acids. True or false?

A

False - tricyclic amines

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10
Q

What is the natural substrate of neuraminidase in influenza?

A

Sialic acid

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11
Q

Zanamivir and oseltamivir are transition state inhibitors. True or false?

A

True

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12
Q

Zanamivir is very polar with poor biolavailability. True or false?

A

True

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13
Q

How is zanamivir administered?

A

Inhalation

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14
Q

Oseltamivir is an ester prodrug. True or false?

A

True - converted into free COOH in the GIT

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15
Q

Human rhinovirus is a negative sense virus. True or false?

A

False - positive sense

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16
Q

Acyclovir is only used in HSV 1 and 2, not chickenpox. True or false?

17
Q

Acyclovir is a purine analogue. True or false?

18
Q

cellular thymidine kinase has a lower affinity for acyclovir than viral thymidine kinase and so acyclovir doesn’t affect normal cells. True or false?

19
Q

Acyclovir is used topically or injected. True or false?

20
Q

Ganciclovir is less toxic than acyclovir. True or false?

21
Q

Peniciclovir is an isostere of which antiviral?

A

Ganciclovir

22
Q

Famiciclovir is a prodrug of which antiviral?

A

Peniciclovir

23
Q

Valaciclovir is a prodrug. True or false?

A

True - valine ester of acyclovir

24
Q

Viruses that lack thymidine kinase are resistant to acyclovir. True or false?

25
There is no known cure for HIV. True or false?
True
26
What are the three groups of anti-HIV drugs?
NRTIs NNRTIs Protease inhibitors
27
How do NRTIs work?
AZT is phosphorylated by host thymidine kinase into triphosphate AZT, which is an inhibitor or reverse transcriptase
28
Didanosine, emtricitabine and lamivudine are examples of which type of anti-HIV drugs?
NRTIs
29
How do protease inhibitors work for HIV treatment?
They act as transition state inhibitors
30
Saquinivir, Ritonavir and Indinavir are examples of which group of anti-HIV drugs?
Protease inhibitors
31
How do NNRTIs work?
They act remotely at the active site and don't require phosphorylation.
32
Neviripine, efavirenz and delavirdine are examples of which group of anti-HIV drugs?
NNRTIs
33
How does enfuviritde work in treating HIV?
It inhibits the fusion of HIV virus to the host