Memory Studys Flashcards
HM
• removed hippocampus to relive epilepsy
• could no longer form LTM
• had good STM
• proves STM and LTM have separate stores
Peterson and Peterson
• testing duration of STM
• P given 3 letters had to remember and a random number to count back from (prevent mental rehearsal)
• different Ps asked to recall letters after varying intervals of 3 seconds
• after 3 secs 80% recall after 18 secs 3% recall
• concluded STM duration 18 secs
Baddeley study on coding
• study shows how info is stored in forms depending on memory store
• either asked to recall acoustic similar words or semantically similar words
• straight after shown words (STM) did bad on acoustically similar ?
• 20 min after shown words (LTM) did bad on semantically similar ?
Jacobs
• capacity of STM
• R reads out digits P has to recall, list gets longer
• mean amount of digest P could recall was 9.3 letter 7. Summin
Miller
• noticed things in 7 easy to recall (+-7)
• grouping sets into chunks helps recall more info
Who tested duration of STM and who tested duration of LTM?
STM: Peterson Peterson
LTM: Bahrick et al
Bahrick et al
• duration of LTM
• asked P to recall aspects of yearbooks such as class names or photo recognition
• suggests LTM can last lifetime
Clive Wearing
• viral infection took out hippocampus
• still has LTM but no STM
Endel Tulving
Researched retrieval failure and that for a cue to be effective it has to be present and both present at coding and retrieval
4 studys into retrieval failure
Godden & Baddeley
Aggleton & Waskett
Baker et al
Carter & Cassady
Godden & Baddeley
Got deep sea divers to learn a list of words either on land or in water then had them recall the words either on land or in water creating 4 different conditions. Showed retrieval failure was linked with different external conditions
