Memory- Stm And Ltm Flashcards
Stm
What did Jossph Jacobs find (1987) found was the the average spans of digits and letters
What did George Miller (1956) propose about the span of immediate memory and chunking?
Digits > 9.3 items
Letters > 7.3 items
Magic number= 7+ or - 2
Recall 5 words just as well as they can recall letters
Duration of stm?
How did The Peterson’s (1959) study this?
What did the retention period do?
How may. Ppts involved
How many trials?
Results?
What does this suggest?
Not long unless reharsed
Ppts were given an consonant syllable and 3 digit number… Ppts asked to recall a consonant syllable after a retention period of 3,6,9 etc. seconds where they would count back front he 3 digits number
Prevent rehearsal
192 Ppts in total
8 trials
90% correct after 3 seconds period
20% correct after 9 seconds
2% after 19 seconds
Stan has a very short duration (less than 18 seconds) as long as verbal rehearsal is prevented
Duration of LTM?
How did Bahrick 1975 study this?
How many Ppts and age range
Result of free-recall
Potentially unlimited
A photo recognition test consisting of 50 photos from high school yearbooks of mixed people (people from Ppts school and not)
400 Ppts (17-74)
90% accurate wth people who who were tested within 15 years of graduation
60% accuracy with people tested after 15 years
30% accuracy after 48 years
Coding -the way information is changed for storage
How is LTM coded?
How is STM coded?
Semantically (similar meaning)
Acoustically (similar sound)
Evaluation of capicity
Size of chunk matters-
What did Simon (1974) find out?
People had shorter memory span for larger chunks than smaller chunks
Evaluation of duration-
Testing Stm is artificial
Constant do not reflect everyday menorah activity when we try to remember meaningful info
Evaluation of coding-
Baddley may not have tested LTM
How much time was given for LTM and what’s wrong with that?
Waiting time of 20 minutes = not long enough
