Memory Models Flashcards
What we do with information rather than how we store it
Craik and Lockhart levels of processing model
Craik and Lochart
Memory affected by how much Consideration is given to the information.
Whether the information is Understood.
Whether the information has Meaning.
The deeper the information is Processed the more likely it will be remembered.
Deep consideration
How deeply we consider information determines how long the memory lasts
1st level - structural
First/structural level involves paying attention to what the information looks like.
2nd level- phonetic
The second level is phonetic/ acoustic which refers to processing sounds
3rd level- semantic
The third level is semantic which considers the actual meaning of the information.
Shallow- not much processing
First and second/ structural and phonetic levels are shallow because they don’t involve much processing.
Deep- more processing
The third/ semantic level is deep because it involves more processing
More processing = LTM
The deeper the processing the more likely the information will be retained/ stored in LTM/ the longer the memory trace.
Less processing = less retention
The shallower the processing/ memory trace the less likely the information will be retained/ stored in LTM
Remembered
Information is remembered if it has meaning/ is understood/ has been considered/ has personal relevance/ is interesting/ is exciting.
Strength of craik and Lockharts levels of processing
- explains that if we understand something we are more likely to remember it
- explains that the longer something is considered the more likely we are to remember it
Weaknesses of craik and locharts levels of processing
- depth of processing does not always lead to recall
- theory struggles to define deep processing
- some people pay very little attention but still recall information
