memory Flashcards
Atkinson and Shiffrin 1968
multistore memory model
sensory memory
information not immediately attended to is held briefly in a temporary buffer memory making it possible to attend to a bit later
sensory memory for vision
iconic memory
sensory memory for hearing
echoic memory
sensory memory for touch
haptic memory
short term memory
7+/- 2 chunks of information - Miller
around 18-20 seconds
encoded acoustically
maintenance rehearsal
repeating the information so that it is recalled immediate when needed
doesn’t add to the meaning
long term memory
semantically processed
with an unlimited storage and up to a lifetime
elaborative rehearsal
expanding upon new information by adding to it and linking it to what one knows
making it more meaningful
levels of processing
memory attention depends on how deeply information is processed
the deeper the processing, the better the retention
medial temporal gyrus
processing of face recognition
word meaning
inferior frontal gyrus
language
anterior temporal cortex
processing domain of general semantic knowledge
bias towards social information
angular gyrus
complex language, interpreting what is written
working memory
actively maintains and manipulates information
fundamental in the performance of cognitive tasks
dorsal frontopareital system
mediates the top down guided voluntary allocation to locations of features
vental frontoparital system
detects unattended or unexpected stimuli and triggers shift our attention
frontal lobe
executive and memory functions
pariteal lobe
sensory information
fusiform gyrus
temporal occipital lobe and recognition
neural networks
connectivity between frontal and parietal areas in verbal working memory tasks
maintenance and executive purposes
patient HM
after surgery, able to recognise faces and recall events from his childhood and retained old and new skills but could not create new memories
what did patient HM teach us
anterograde amnesia and retrograde amnesia
LTM impairment, STM remained intact
hippocampus
if damaged old memories may be intact and new ones cannot be consolidated
prefrontal cortex
damage can result in disruptions to working memory and planning
plasticity
regeneration of neurons
denervation supersensitivity
rerouting
sprouting
declarative memory
episodic - memories of events
semantic - knowledge/encyclopaedia
single sore memory model
memory is a single unified store where all information is processed similarly
