endocrine system

Question 1

endocrine

Answer 1

the system consisting of the hormones in the body and their receptors at target organs

Question 2

pituitary gland

Answer 2

master gland
hormones regulate other glands around the body

Question 3

hypothalamus

Answer 3

controls pituitary hormone production
secretes releasing and inhibiting hormones

Question 4

cortisol

Answer 4

the bodies main stress hormone
involved in flight or fight response

Question 5

ACTH

Answer 5

Adrenocorticotropic H
overproduction leads to adrenal gland overproducing cortisol leading to cushings disease

Question 6

thyroid

Answer 6

regulates metabolism
controlled by the pituitary gland producing a thyroid stimulating hormone

immune system attacks on the thyroid gland can lead to Graves disease

Question 7

testes

Answer 7

primarily produce testosterone
essential for reproduction
controlled by the pituitary gland producing luteinising hormone and follicle stimulating hormone

Question 8

ovaries

Answer 8

primarily produces estradiol and progesterone

Question 9

hypogonadal

Answer 9

decreased activity of sex hormones
can lead to infertility, lack of secondary sexual characteristics and reduced height

Question 10

hypergonadal

Answer 10

increased activity of sex hormones
can lead to increased sex drive, excessive muscle and early hair loss

Question 11

organisation effects

Answer 11

a change in the structure occurs during development as a result of hormones
permanent effects on the structure and function of the body

Question 12

activation effects

Answer 12

a reversible change in sensitivity or activity as a result of hormones
immediate effects that ‘come and go’

Question 13

testosterone

Answer 13

a hormone secreted in males and females
20x more in males
involved in sexual motivation and aggression

Question 14

oestradiol

Answer 14

a hormone secret in both males and females
8x more in females
involved in mood and wellbeing along with bone density and strength

Question 15

oxytocin

Answer 15

the ‘cuddle’ hormone
facilities relationship formation

Question 16

antagonist

Answer 16

a substance that occupies receptors but does bot exert any effect on the second cell, thereby blocking the natural neurotransmitter action

Question 17

agonist

Answer 17

a substance that occupies receptors and has a similar effect to the natural chemical that would normally occupy them

Question 18

hormone

Answer 18

chemical messenger secreted into the blood at one location and carried in the blood to another location where it exerts effect