Membranes

Question 1

Hypertonic

Answer 1

greater concentration of solute (low water)
animal cell = shriveled
plant cell = shriveled (cell membrane comes off cell wall)

Question 2

Hypotonic

Answer 2

lower concentration of solute (high water)
animal cell = lysed (explodes)
plant cell = turgid (over full plants favorite)

Question 3

Isotonic

Answer 3

same concentration water to solute
animal cell = normal
plant cell = flaccid (not enough inner pressure)

Question 4

Why didn’t starch, glucose, and albumin move in lab?

Answer 4

they are all macromolecules and too big to move through the membrane

Question 5

Integral Proteins

Answer 5

AKA transmembrane proteins

goes all the way through the membrane

Question 6

Water is ___tonic.

Answer 6

isotonic

Question 7

Active Transport Directions

Answer 7

uniport- one item, one direction
symport- two items, same direction
antiport- two items, opposite direction

Question 8

Permeability

Answer 8

the degree to which substances can pass through a cells membrane

Question 9

2 Types Active Transport

Answer 9

1. protein pumps

2. vesicles

Question 10

Vesicles

Answer 10

endocytosis- into cell

exocytosis- out of cell

Question 11

Solvent

Answer 11

majority

Question 12

Down in Concentration Gradient

Answer 12

high —–> low

no energy required

Question 13

Passive Transport

Answer 13

• movement down the concentration gradient

- no energy

Question 14

Solute

Answer 14

minority

Question 15

Solution

Answer 15

everything: the salute dissolved the solvent

Question 16

Tonicity

Answer 16

• determines direction of osmosis
• low tonicity = high water, low solute
• high tonicity = low water, high solute

Question 17

Protein Types

Answer 17

integral

peripheral

Question 18

Simple Diffusion

Answer 18

• high —-> low
• small, uncharged particles
• food color in H2O

Question 19

Facilitated Diffusion

Answer 19

• high —–> low WITH the help of special transport proteins
• large and charged molecules
• glucose

Question 20

Opposite!

Answer 20

LOW tonicity HIGH water

HIGH tonicity LOW water

Question 21

2 Functions of Cell Membrane

Answer 21

1. maintain internal environment

2. regulate movement of molecules into and out of the cell

Question 22

Osmosis

Answer 22

water goes from hight to low

Question 23

3 Types of Passive Transport

Answer 23

1. simple
2. facilitated
3. osmosis

Question 24

Active Transport

Answer 24

• movement up the concentration gradient

- require energy

Question 25

Selectively Semi-Permeable Membrane

Answer 25

cells allow only some molecules to pass through

Question 26

Protein Pump

Answer 26

carrier protein shuttles substance through cell membrane

Question 27

Fluid Mosaic Model

Answer 27

the membrane is a mosaic of proteins that float around phospholipids

Question 28

Peripheral Proteins

Answer 28

reside on the inner or outer surface of the membrane

Question 29

Endocytosis Types

Answer 29

phagocytosis- solids

pinocytosis- liquids