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Biology > Cells > Flashcards

Cells Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

3 Types of Microscopes

A
  1. compound light microscope
  2. scanning election microscope
  3. transmission electron micorscope
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2
Q

Central Vacuoles

A
  • found in plants

- store water so cell can maintain pressure

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3
Q

Contractile Vacuole

A
  • found in protists

- release water so organism can contract and expand

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4
Q

Vacuoles

A

storage areas for the cell

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5
Q

Scientist studied animal cell/year

A

Theodor Schwann

1839

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6
Q

Scientist studied plant cell/year

A

Matthias Schleiden

1838

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7
Q

Scientist discovered cells/year

A

Robert Hook

1665

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8
Q

Evidence of Endosymbiotic Theory

A
  1. double membranes
  2. circular DNA
  3. reproduce by binary fission
  4. same size as bacteria
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9
Q

Cristae

A

inner membrane folds of mitochondria

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10
Q

Cytoplasm

A

inside portion of the cell with both cytosol and organelles

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11
Q

In cells, the _______ grows faster than the _____.

A

volumes, surface area

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12
Q

_____ cells have less surface area than ______ cells.

A

large, small

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13
Q

Detox

A

smooth ER in liver

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14
Q

Attached to Nucleus

A

endoplasmic reticulum

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15
Q

Smooth ER

A
  • no ribosomes

- synthesis of lipids and carbs

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16
Q

Rough ER

A
  • contains ribosomes

- synthesis of proteins

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17
Q

Ribosomes

A
  • free floating

- on rough ER

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18
Q

Location of Protein Synthesis

A

ribosomes

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19
Q

Prokaryotes Reproduce by….

A

binary fission

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20
Q

Lysosome

A
  • digests waste

- aid in phagocytosis and intracellular digestion

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21
Q

Golgi Apparatus

A
  • secretion of proteins to other cells

- synthesis of carbs

22
Q

Site of Convergence of mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA

A

rough ER

23
Q

Contain Hydrolytic Enzymes

A

lysosome

24
Q

Has Circular DNA

A
  • prokaryote
  • mitochondria
  • chloroplast
25
Q

2 Reasons for Chromosomes

A
  1. organization

2. save space

26
Q

Nucleus

A
  • command and control center of the cell

- stores DNA

27
Q

Powerhouse of the Cell

A

mitochondria

28
Q

Plasmodesmata

A

open channels in the cell wall of plants

29
Q

Nuclear Pores

A

permit materials (protein and RNA) to pass in and out of nucleus

30
Q

Nuclear Envelope

A

double membrane around the nucleus

31
Q

Fluid in a Chloroplast

A

stroma

32
Q

Performs Photosynthesis

A

chloroplast

33
Q

Produces ATP

A
  • mitochondria

- chloroplast

34
Q

Endosymbiotic Theory

A

one prokaryote ate another and kept it alive to generate ATP

35
Q

Endomembrane System

A

each cell and all organelles with the cell have their own membrane

36
Q

Prokaryotic cells have no….

A

organelles

37
Q

Shape of Prokaryote DNA

A

circular

38
Q

Chloroplast Internal Membranes

A

thylakoids

39
Q

Cytosol

A

fluid-like material that fills the cell

40
Q

Cell Membrane aka….

A

phospholipid bilayer

41
Q

Cytology

A

study of cells

42
Q

Type of Cell Contains Ribosomes

A

prokaryotes and eukaryotes

43
Q

Total Magnification

A

ocular x objective

44
Q

Performs Cellular Respiration

A

mitochondria

45
Q

View Internal Components of Cells

A
  1. compound light microscope

2. transmission electron microscope

46
Q

Views surface of the specimen coated in metal

A

scanning electron microscope

47
Q

Chromosomes

A
  • found inside nucleus

- packaged DNA segments and associated proteins

48
Q

Cell Membrane

A
  • plasma

- encases the cell

49
Q

Stacks of Thylakoids

A

grana

50
Q

Cytoskeleton

A

network of protein fibers that form shape and support

51
Q

Nucleolus

A
  • inside nucleus

- location of ribosome synthesis

Biology (13 decks)

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