Energy

Question 1

Energy

Answer 1

the ability to do work

Question 2

Products

Answer 2

molecules at the end of the reaction

Question 3

Feedback Inhibition

Answer 3

a form of enzyme inhibition where the product of a reaction acts as a repressor

Question 4

Activation Energy

Answer 4

all chemical reactions require an initial input of energy

Question 5

Kinetic Energy

Answer 5

energy in motion

Question 6

Two Types of Energy

Answer 6

• kinetic

- potential

Question 7

Entropy

Answer 7

orderliness/disorder

candy bar/ how your body uses it

Question 8

Activation Energy works by….

Answer 8

destabilizing existing chemical bonds

Question 9

Activators

Answer 9

change the shape of the enzyme so that it can bind substrate

Question 10

Radiation

Answer 10

• space
• through empty space by radiation
• sun to Earth, stove surface

Question 11

Enzyme pH range

Answer 11

enzymes work best within 6-8 pH range

*exception: stomach enzymes

Question 12

Biochemical Pathway

Answer 12

• catalyzed reactions can occur in a sequence

- the product of one reaction is the substrate of the next and so on until a final product is made

Question 13

Enzyme Binding Site

Answer 13

surface of reactant where enzyme binds

Question 14

Decomposition Reaction

Answer 14

• break bond
• AB —> A + B
• energy releases (exergonic)

Question 15

Non-competitive Inhibition

Answer 15

inhibitor binds to allosteric site and changes shape so substrate can’t bind

Question 16

Chemical Reaction

Answer 16

making or breaking chemical bond

Question 17

Reactants

Answer 17

starting molecules of a reaction

Question 18

Catalysis

Answer 18

reactions become more spontaneous if the activation energy is lowered

Question 19

Heat

Answer 19

a form of energy associated with the motion of atoms or molecules

Question 20

Endergonic

Answer 20

• not spontaneous

- products have more energy than reactants

Question 21

Allosteric Enzymes

Answer 21

• separate site on enzyme to bind (allosteric site)

- affected by binding of signal molecules

Question 22

Does heat rise?

Answer 22

NO, warm air rises

Question 23

All energy can be converted to…..

Answer 23

heat

Question 24

2nd Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 24

• amount of disorder (entropy) is increasing in the universe
• increasing disorder means energy is spontaneously going from potential to heat energy
• clean house naturally becomes dirty, so need to use energy to reclean

Question 25

Repressors

Answer 25

inhibits the enzyme when bound

Question 26

Synthesis Reaction

Answer 26

• make bond
• A + B = AB
• requires energy (endergonic)

Question 27

Competitive Inhibition

Answer 27

inhibitor blocks active site so substrate cannot bind

Question 28

Enzymes and Chemical Reactions

Answer 28

enzymes are unaffected by the chemical reaction and can be re-used

Question 29

Enzyme Active Site

Answer 29

surface of the enzyme that binds to reactant

Question 30

Enzymes ______ activation energy.

Answer 30

lower

Question 31

Cells control enzymes by altering the….

Answer 31

shape

Question 32

Potential Energy

Answer 32

store energy

Question 33

All work involves…

Answer 33

transformation of potential energy to kinetic energy

Question 34

Thermodynamics

Answer 34

study of energy or heat changes

Question 35

1st Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 35

• energy can change forms but can never be created or destroyed
• total amount of energy in the universe remains constant

Question 36

Enzyme Temperature Range

Answer 36

if temp increases, shape of enzyme changes due to unfolding of protein chains

Question 37

Exergonic

Answer 37

• spontaneous

- products have less energy than reactants

Question 38

Enzymes

Answer 38

• biological catalyst
• suffix -ase
• amylase
• cellulase

Question 39

Which reaction is faster?

Answer 39

catalyzed

Question 40

Convection

Answer 40

• fluid
• does not mean liquid
• through fluid media by convection

Question 41

Conduction

Answer 41

• direct contact

- through solid and fluid media