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BIOCHEM > Membranes > Flashcards

Membranes Flashcards

1
Q

The cell’s cytoplasmic membrane is also known as the __ __

A

plasme membrane

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2
Q

Part (a) of the cell’s cytoplasmic membrane (plasma membrane) include:

A
  • Separation of interior of cell to exterior of cell
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3
Q

Part (b) of the cell’s cytoplasmic membrane (plasma membrane) include:

A
  • Interactions with other cells and exterior molecules
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4
Q

Part (c) of the cell’s cytoplasmic membrane (plasma membrane) include:

A
  • Accumulation of cell nutrients; energy transduction; signal transduction
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5
Q

Part (d) of the cell’s cytoplasmic membrane (plasma membrane) include:

A
  • Exclusion of toxic molecules and ions
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6
Q

Part (e) of the cell’s cytoplasmic membrane (plasma membrane) include:

A
  • Cell locomotion; cell division
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7
Q

___ produced by amphipathic lipid molecules, such as fatty acids, interacting with water.

A

Monolayers

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8
Q

__ spherical lipid aggregates which have the long hydrophobic chains in the center and the charged carboxyl groups on the outside.

A

Micelles

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9
Q

__ produced spontaneously by lipids such as glycerophospholipids

A

Bilayers

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10
Q

___ naturally occurring spherical bilayer structures; can consist of multiple bilayers

A

vesicles

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11
Q

___ artificially prepared vesicles; used in laboratory experiments

A

liposomes

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12
Q

What are the two subunits of bilayers?

A

vesicles & liposomes

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13
Q

What is a subunit of monolayers?

A

micelles

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14
Q

___ are composed of hydrophobic and hydrophilic components

A

Micelles

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15
Q

Inside out micelles have the ___ on the outside

A

tails

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16
Q

Normal micelles have the ___ on the outside

A

heads

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17
Q

Monolayers are single layered with the ___ facing the air

A

tails

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18
Q

Bilayers have the __ facing the air

A

heads

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19
Q

The fluid mosaic model of membrane structure considers that the __ __ is a fluid supporting matrix for membrane proteins

A

lipid bilayer

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20
Q

Biological membranes are __ __, and both lipids and proteins are capable of __ within the bilayer

A

dynamic structures, movement

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21
Q

What are the two classes of membrane proteins?

A

Integral membrane proteins
Peripheral membrane proteins

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22
Q

What are integral membrane proteins also known as?

A

Intrinsic proteins

23
Q

What are peripheral membrane proteins also known as?

A

Extrinsic proteins

24
Q

Integral membrane proteins ____

A

extend into or through the lipid bilayer

25
Q

Peripheral membrane proteins ___

A

external to the lipid bilayer

26
Q

The ___ ___ is a fluid supporting matrix for membrane proteins

A

lipid bilayer

27
Q

The ___ ___ of the bilayer is a barrier that separates one side of the membrane from another

A

hydrophobic interior

28
Q

Membranes consist of a variety of ___

A

lipids, membrane proteins, and carbohydrates

29
Q

Membranes are ___, ___ structures

A

complex, dynamic

30
Q

What are the three groups of membrane?

A
  1. Lipids
  2. Proteins
  3. Carbohydrates
31
Q

Glycerophospholipids, cholesterol, and other lipids are examples of ____

A

lipids

32
Q

Integral (a-helix proteins & B-barrel proteins), peripheral are examples of ____

A

proteins

33
Q

Glycoproteins and glycolipids are examples of ___

A

carbohydrates

34
Q

Are a-helical proteins or B-barrel proteins more common?

A

a-helical proteins

35
Q

Integral proteins go ___ the protein

A

through

36
Q

Peripheral proteins do not go on the ___ of a protein

A

outside

37
Q

Integral proteins are contained within the ___ ____.

A

lipid bilayer

38
Q

Integral proteins are attached to the _____ by only a small ___ ____

A

membrane, hydrophobic segment

39
Q

Integral proteins:

A

a) contained within the lipid bilayer
b) attached to the membrane by only a small hydrophobic segment

40
Q

Peripheral proteins are loosely associated with the ___ of the membrane.

A

outside

41
Q

Peripheral proteins __ to the membrane through __ ___ interactions with integral proteins

A

bind, non-covalent

42
Q

What are examples of non-covalent interactions in peripheral proteins?

A

hydrophobic, ionic, hydrogen-bonding

43
Q

Lipid-anchored proteins are ___ ____ (integral or peripheral)

A

membrane proteins

44
Q

Lipid-anchored proteins are __ ___ to lipid molecules in the membrane

A

covalently linked

45
Q

Lipid-anchored proteins include proteins bound to fatty acids such as __ __ and ___ ____

A

myristic acid and palmitic acid

46
Q

What are two examples of integral membrane proteins?

A

a-helix protein
B-barrel protein

47
Q

Carbohydrates in integral membrane proteins are ___ ___ for the MN blood group system

A

antigenic determinants

48
Q

The ABO blood group system is due to ____ ____ to membrane sphingolipids (glycolipids).

A

carbohydrates attached

49
Q

Blood group systems are due to ___ on the surface of red blood cells.

A

antigens

50
Q

____ are typically the antigens on the surface of red blood cells. However, ___ can be antigens.

A

Carbohydrates, proteins

51
Q

There are __ types of blood group systems

A

36

52
Q

In ABO blood group system, carbohydrates are attached to the membrane _____

A

sphingolipids (glycolipids)

53
Q

Some membranes proteins are anchored to ___ ___ by covalent attached to ___ that are inserted into the membrane lipid bilayer.

A

biological membranes, lipids

BIOCHEM (16 decks)

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